Exam question 1 · The future: fears, rules and your part

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the present state of knowledge concerning feelings in artificial intelligence?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: knowledge · What happens: follow, characteris, concern · To what, where: present state, feelings, artificial intelligence

This is exam question 1 of lesson 25 «The future: fears, rules and your part» of the AI course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 state	det
10	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 state	amod
11	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 knowledge	case
13	knowledge	knowledge	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 state	nmod
14	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	13 knowledge	acl
15	feelings	feeling	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 concerning	obj
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 intelligence	case
17	artificial	artificial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 intelligence	amod
18	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 concerning	obl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the present state of knowledge		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	concern	gerund	knowledge not said here	feelings	artificial intelligence		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus feeling=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Chatbots experience emotion only when addressed courteously

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chatbots	chatbot	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 experience	nsubj
2	experience	experience	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	emotion	emotion	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 experience	obj
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 addressed	advmod
5	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	6 addressed	advmod
6	addressed	address	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 experience	xcomp
7	courteously	courteously	ADV	_	6 addressed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	experience	present	Chatbots	emotion					tree rules
2	address	participle	Chatbots not said here					courteously property	vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It has been conclusively established that chatbots experience emotion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 established	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 established	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 established	aux:pass
4	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	5 established	advmod
5	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	8 experience	mark
7	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 experience	nsubj
8	experience	experience	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 established	advcl
9	emotion	emotion	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 experience	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present · perfect · passive		It				conclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	experience	present	chatbots	emotion					vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer emotion=Stimulus

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The question remains unresolved; contemporary chatbots imitate feelings in language

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 question	det
2	question	question	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 remains	nsubj
3	remains	remain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	unresolved	unresolved	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 remains	xcomp
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 imitate	punct
6	contemporary	contemporary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 chatbots	amod
7	chatbots	chatbot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 imitate	nsubj
8	imitate	imitate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 remains	conj
9	feelings	feeling	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 imitate	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 language	case
11	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 imitate	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remain	present	the question					unresolved property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	imitate	present	contemporary chatbots	feelings		language			vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feeling=Theme

Option 4

It has been conclusively established that no machine could ever experience emotion

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 established	nsubj:pass
2	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 established	aux
3	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 established	aux:pass
4	conclusively	conclusively	ADV	_	5 established	advmod
5	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	that	that	SCONJ	_	11 experience	mark
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 machine	det
8	machine	machine	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 experience	nsubj
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 experience	aux
10	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	11 experience	advmod
11	experience	experience	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 established	advcl
12	emotion	emotion	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 experience	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	present · perfect · passive		It				conclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	experience	could	no machine	emotion			ever		vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer emotion=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/ai/25-future-fears-rules/e1/