Exam question 3 · Concerts, orchestras and live gigs

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the term "improvisation" in jazz?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: term, jazz

This is exam question 3 of lesson 11 «Concerts, orchestras and live gigs» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 term	det
10	term	term	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 improvisation	punct
12	improvisation	improvisation	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 term	appos
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	12 improvisation	punct
14	in	in	ADP	_	15 jazz	case
15	jazz	jazz	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obl
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the term		jazz		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The random production of notes without regard to any rule or to the piece

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 production	det
2	random	random	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 production	amod
3	production	production	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 notes	case
5	notes	note	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 production	nmod
6	without	without	ADP	_	7 regard	case
7	regard	regard	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 notes	nmod
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 rule	case
9	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 rule	det
10	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 regard	nmod
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	14 piece	cc
12	to	to	ADP	_	14 piece	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 piece	det
14	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rule	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	produce			notes without regard to any rule or the piece					nom production «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

The miming of a performance to a recording previously made in a studio

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 miming	det
2	miming	miming	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 performance	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 performance	det
5	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 miming	nmod
6	to	to	ADP	_	8 recording	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 recording	det
8	recording	recording	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 performance	nmod
9	previously	previously	ADV	_	10 made	advmod
10	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 studio	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 studio	det
13	studio	studio	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle · passive		the miming of a performance to a recording		a studio		previously property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The invention of music in performance within the chords and rhythm of the piece

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 invention	det
2	invention	invention	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 music	case
4	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 invention	nmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 performance	case
6	performance	performance	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 invention	nmod
7	within	within	ADP	_	9 chords	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 chords	det
9	chords	chord	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 performance	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 rhythm	cc
11	rhythm	rhythm	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 chords	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 piece	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 piece	det
14	piece	piece	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 rhythm	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent			music		performance within the chords and rhythm of the piece			nom invention «cognition transitive»: of=patient in=place

Option 4

The rapid reading of music from a written score

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reading	det
2	rapid	rapid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reading	amod
3	reading	reading	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 music	case
5	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reading	nmod
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 score	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 score	det
8	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 score	amod
9	score	score	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 reading	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	participle							vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	read			music		a written score			nom reading «cognition transitive»: of=patient from=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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