Exam question 1 · Painting: paints, brushes, mess and mistakes

Identify the principal characteristic of oil paint by virtue of which painters could achieve smooth blending.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, painters · What happens: identify, achieve · To what, where: principal characteristic, smooth blending

This is exam question 1 of lesson 14 «Painting: paints, brushes, mess and mistakes» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 characteristic	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 characteristic	amod
4	characteristic	characteristic	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 paint	case
6	oil	oil	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 paint	compound
7	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 characteristic	nmod
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 virtue	case
9	virtue	virtue	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obl
10	of	of	ADP	_	11 which	case
11	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 achieve	obl
12	painters	painter	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 achieve	nsubj
13	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 achieve	aux
14	achieve	achieve	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 virtue	acl:relcl
15	smooth	smooth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 blending	amod
16	blending	blending	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 achieve	obj
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal characteristic of oil paint				by virtue	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent characteristic=Theme
2	achieve	could	painters	smooth blending				of virtue	vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blending=Eventuality

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It dries within a matter of seconds upon contact with the air

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dries	nsubj
2	dries	dry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	within	within	ADP	_	5 matter	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 matter	det
5	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dries	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 seconds	case
7	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 matter	nmod
8	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 contact	case
9	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 seconds	nmod
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 air	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 air	det
12	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 contact	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dry	present	It					within a matter of seconds upon contact with the air	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	matter		seconds upon contact with the air						nom matter «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It dries slowly, permitting prolonged working of the paint

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 dries	nsubj
2	dries	dry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	2 dries	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 prolonged	punct
5	permitting	permit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 prolonged	nsubj
6	prolonged	prolong	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 dries	conj
7	working	work	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 prolonged	xcomp
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 paint	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 paint	det
10	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 working	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	dry	present	It	slowly property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	permit	gerund			vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Causer
3	prolong	past			tree rules
4	work	gerund		of the paint	vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is incapable of being blended

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 incapable	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 incapable	cop
3	incapable	incapable	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	SCONJ	_	6 blended	mark
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 blended	aux:pass
6	blended	blend	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 incapable	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	incapable					tree rules
2	blend	gerund · passive		incapable not said here					vn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V»

Option 4

It is diluted exclusively with water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 diluted	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 diluted	aux:pass
3	diluted	dilute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 diluted	advmod
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 water	case
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 diluted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dilute	present · passive		It				with water; exclusively property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with water=Instrument

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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