Exam question 1 · Crafts: paper, clay, sewing, knitting, slime

Identify the principal reason for which thick masses of clay are liable to fracture during firing.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, thick masses · What happens: identify, be, fracture · To what, where: principal reason

This is exam question 1 of lesson 31 «Crafts: paper, clay, sewing, knitting, slime» of the arts course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 liable	obl
7	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 masses	amod
8	masses	mass	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 liable	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 clay	case
10	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 masses	nmod
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 liable	cop
12	liable	liable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	acl
13	to	to	PART	_	14 fracture	mark
14	fracture	fracture	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 liable	xcomp
15	during	during	ADP	_	16 firing	case
16	firing	firing	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 fracture	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason			vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is	present	thick masses of clay			for the principal reason; liable property	tree rules
3	fracture	to-infinitive	thick masses of clay not said here		during firing		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Thick clay is poor quality

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 clay	amod
2	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 quality	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 quality	cop
4	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 quality	amod
5	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Thick clay	poor quality					tree rules

Option 2

Thick clay is too heavy to be supported upon the shelves within the kiln

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 clay	amod
2	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 heavy	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 heavy	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 heavy	advmod
5	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	8 supported	mark
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	8 supported	aux:pass
8	supported	support	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 heavy	advcl
9	upon	upon	ADP	_	11 shelves	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 shelves	det
11	shelves	shelf	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 supported	obl
12	within	within	ADP	_	14 kiln	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 kiln	det
14	kiln	kiln	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 supported	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Thick clay					heavy property	tree rules
2	support	to-infinitive · passive	Thick clay not said here					upon the shelves; within the kiln	vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Trapped water becomes expanding steam

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trapped	trap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 water	amod
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	expanding	expand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	3 becomes	xcomp
5	steam	steam	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 expanding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	trap	participle			vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	become	present	Trapped water		tree rules
3	expand	gerund	Trapped water not said here	steam	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent steam=Patient

Option 4

The kiln is insufficiently hot to fire clay of considerable thickness

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 kiln	det
2	kiln	kiln	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hot	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hot	cop
4	insufficiently	insufficiently	ADV	_	5 hot	advmod
5	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	8 clay	mark
7	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 clay	compound
8	clay	clay	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hot	advcl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 thickness	case
10	considerable	considerable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 thickness	amod
11	thickness	thickness	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 clay	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the kiln					hot, insufficiently property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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