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Test 4 · ★ · The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wil…

In The Lion King the hyenas only steal leftovers from lions. What is real?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: hyenas · What happens: steal, be · To what, where: leftovers

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 102 «The African savanna area: hippos, meerkats, ostriches, wild dogs and hyenas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In The Lion King the hyenas only steal leftovers from lions.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 King	case
2	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 King	det
3	Lion	Lion	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 King	compound
4	King	King	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 steal	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 hyenas	det
6	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 steal	nsubj
7	only	only	ADV	_	8 steal	advmod
8	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	leftovers	leftover	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 steal	obj
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 lions	case
11	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 leftovers	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 steal	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	steal	present	the hyenas	leftovers				in the Lion King; from lions	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent leftover=Theme from lion=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is real?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 real	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 real	cop
3	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 real	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						real property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Lions always share their meat with hyenas

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 share	nsubj
2	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 share	advmod
3	share	share	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 meat	nmod:poss
5	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 share	obj
6	with	with	ADP	_	7 hyenas	case
7	hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 share	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	share	present	Lions	Lions's meat				with hyenas; always property	tree rules

Option 2

Hyenas never hunt anything themselves, they just steal from lions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 hunt	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 hunt	advmod
3	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 hunt	obj
5	themselves	themselves	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	3 hunt	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 steal	punct
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 steal	nsubj
8	just	just	ADV	_	9 steal	advmod
9	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 hunt	conj
10	from	from	ADP	_	11 lions	case
11	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 steal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hunt	present	Hyenas	anything					tree rules
2	steal	present	Hyenas = hyena					from lions	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Hyenas only eat plants and berries

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 eat	advmod
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 berries	cc
6	berries	berry	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 plants	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Hyenas	plants and berries					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Hyenas hunt most of their food, and lions often steal from them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Hyenas	hyena	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hunt	nsubj
2	hunt	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 hunt	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 food	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 food	nmod:poss
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 most	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 steal	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 steal	cc
9	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 steal	nsubj
10	often	often	ADV	_	11 steal	advmod
11	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 hunt	parataxis
12	from	from	ADP	_	13 them	case
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 steal	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	present	Hyenas	most of Hyenas's food					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent most=Theme
2	steal	present	lions					from Hyenas = hyena; often property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/102-the-african-savanna-area-hippos-meerkats-ostriches/t4/