Test 5 · The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and d…

«a joey's born the size of a puppy and jumps in the pouch» What is true?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: bear, jump, be · To what, where: size, pouch

This is test 5 of lesson 103 «The Australian walkabout: kangaroos, emus, wallabies and dingoes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 born	punct
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 joey	det
3	joey	joey	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 born	nmod:poss
4	's	's	PART	_	3 joey	case
5	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	19 true	nsubj
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 size	det
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 born	obj
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 puppy	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 puppy	det
10	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 size	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 jumps	cc
12	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 born	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 pouch	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 pouch	det
15	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 jumps	obl
16	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 born	punct
17	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	19 true	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 true	cop
19	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	19 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	bear in a quote	participle	the size of a puppy			vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent size=Patient
2	jump in a quote	present		the pouch		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in pouch=Trajectory
3	is	present			true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is born already able to hop

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 born	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 born	aux:pass
3	born	bear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	already	already	ADV	_	5 able	advmod
5	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 born	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 hop	mark
7	hop	hop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 able	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bear	present · passive		It				able property	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	hop	to-infinitive							vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It hatches from an egg in the pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 hatches	nsubj
2	hatches	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	5 egg	case
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 egg	det
5	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hatches	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 pouch	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 pouch	det
8	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hatches	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hatch	present	It					in the pouch; from a egg	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from egg=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is about jelly-bean size and crawls into the pouch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 size	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 size	cop
3	about	about	ADP	_	7 size	case
4	jelly	jelly	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 size	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 jelly	punct
6	bean	bean	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 size	compound
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 crawls	cc
9	crawls	crawl	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 size	conj
10	into	into	ADP	_	12 pouch	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 pouch	det
12	pouch	pouch	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 crawls	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					about jelly bean size	tree rules
2	crawl	present				the pouch			vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into pouch=Destination

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, it is about the size of a puppy, and it jumps in

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	7 size	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 size	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 size	cop
5	about	about	ADV	_	7 size	advmod
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 size	det
7	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 puppy	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 puppy	det
10	puppy	puppy	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 size	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 jumps	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 jumps	cc
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 jumps	nsubj
14	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 size	conj
15	in	in	ADV	_	14 jumps	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	the size				of a puppy; about property	tree rules
2	jump in	present	puppy						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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