Exam question 1 · The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs an…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the diet of the giant panda?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: diet

This is exam question 1 of lesson 107 «The Asian forest area: giant pandas, red pandas, tapirs and sun bears» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 diet	det
10	diet	diet	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	14 panda	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 panda	det
13	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 panda	amod
14	panda	panda	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 diet	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the diet of the giant panda				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It consists principally of meat, supplemented by bamboo

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	5 meat	advmod
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 meat	case
5	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 supplemented	punct
7	supplemented	supplement	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 meat	acl
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 bamboo	case
9	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 supplemented	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It	meat					tree rules
2	supplement	participle		meat not said here				by bamboo	tree rules

Option 2

It consists of fish and fruit in equal measure

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 fish	case
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 fruit	cc
6	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fish	conj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 measure	case
8	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 measure	amod
9	measure	measure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It			equal measure		of fish and fruit	tree rules

Option 3

It consists of bamboo, which the panda digests completely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 bamboo	case
4	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 digests	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 digests	obj
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 panda	det
8	panda	panda	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 digests	nsubj
9	digests	digest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 bamboo	acl:relcl
10	completely	completely	ADV	_	9 digests	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It					of bamboo	tree rules
2	digest	present	the panda	bamboo				completely property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It consists almost wholly of bamboo, of which only a small part is digested by a gut adapted to meat

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consists	nsubj
2	consists	consist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	almost	almost	ADV	_	4 wholly	advmod
4	wholly	wholly	ADV	_	2 consists	advmod
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 bamboo	case
6	bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consists	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 digested	punct
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 which	case
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	15 digested	obl
10	only	only	ADV	_	13 part	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 part	det
12	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 part	amod
13	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 digested	nsubj:pass
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 digested	aux:pass
15	digested	digest	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 consists	parataxis
16	by	by	ADP	_	18 gut	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	18 gut	det
18	gut	gut	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 digested	obl
19	adapted	adapt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	18 gut	acl
20	to	to	ADP	_	21 meat	case
21	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 adapted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	consist	present	It		of bamboo; wholly property	tree rules
2	digest	present · passive	a gut	a small part		tree rules
3	adapt	participle		a gut not said here	to meat goal	vn adjust-26.9 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent to meat=Goal

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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