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Test 5 · Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs

Josh counts 3 herons and 2 mudskippers by the pond. How many hearts is that?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Josh, many hearts · What happens: count, be · To what, where: 3 herons

This is test 5 of lesson 11 «Swamps, marshes, mangroves and bogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Josh counts 3 herons and 2 mudskippers by the pond.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Josh	Josh	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 counts	nsubj
2	counts	count	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	4 herons	nummod
4	herons	heron	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 counts	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 mudskippers	cc
6	2	2	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	7 mudskippers	nummod
7	mudskippers	mudskipper	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 herons	conj
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 pond	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 pond	det
10	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 counts	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 counts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	present	Josh	3 herons and 2 mudskippers				by the pond	vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heron=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How many hearts is that?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 hearts	amod
3	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 How	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 How	cop
5	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	1 How	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	many hearts					how property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

3, because fish have no hearts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	3	3	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 have	punct
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	5 have	mark
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	nsubj
5	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 3	conj
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 hearts	det
7	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	fish	no hearts					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Option 2

7, herons have two hearts each

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 herons	nummod
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 7	punct
3	herons	heron	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
4	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 hearts	nummod
6	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	obj
7	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	6 hearts	nmod:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	7 herons	two hearts each					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

5, each animal has one heart

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	root	root
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 has	punct
3	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	4 animal	det
4	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	nsubj
5	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 5	conj
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 heart	nummod
7	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	each animal	one heart					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Option 4

10, as each one has two hearts

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 has	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 has	punct
3	as	as	SCONJ	_	6 has	mark
4	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	5 one	det
5	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 has	nsubj
6	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 hearts	nummod
8	hearts	heart	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	10	two hearts					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/11-swamps-marshes-mangroves-and-bogs/t5/