Exam question 2 · Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myt…

Identify the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, southern corroboree frog · What happens: identify, cause, decline · To what, where: principal cause, decline

This is exam question 2 of lesson 117 «Zoos in Australia and around the world, and the year's myths put right» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cause	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 cause	amod
4	cause	cause	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 decline	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 decline	det
7	decline	decline	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cause	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	12 frog	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 frog	det
10	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 frog	amod
11	corroboree	corroboree	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 frog	compound
12	frog	frog	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 decline	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal cause of the decline of the southern corroboree frog	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent cause=Theme
2	cause			the decline of the southern corroboree frog	nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient
3	decline		the southern corroboree frog		nom decline «process intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The construction of the Sydney Opera House

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 construction	det
2	construction	construction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	7 House	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 House	det
5	Sydney	Sydney	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 House	compound
6	Opera	Opera	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 House	compound
7	House	House	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 construction	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	construct			the Sydney Opera House					nom construction «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 2

Excessive collection by tourists

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Excessive	excessive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 collection	amod
2	collection	collection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 tourists	case
4	tourists	tourist	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 collection	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Infection by chytrid fungus

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Infection	infection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	by	by	ADP	_	4 fungus	case
3	chytrid	chytrid	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fungus	compound
4	fungus	fungus	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Infection	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	infect		chytrid fungus						nom infection «state transitive»: by=agent

Option 4

Predation by released zoo crocodiles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Predation	predation	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	by	by	ADP	_	5 crocodiles	case
3	released	release	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 crocodiles	amod
4	zoo	zoo	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 crocodiles	compound
5	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Predation	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	release	participle							vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer
2	predate		released zoo crocodiles						nom predation «act transitive»: by=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/117-zoos-around-the-world-and-myths-put-right/e2/