Test 3 · ★★ · How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing

Why don't your own eyes shine green in a torch beam?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: own eyes · What happens: not shine · To what, where: torch beam

This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	7 shine	advmod
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 shine	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 shine	advmod
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 eyes	nmod:poss
5	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eyes	amod
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 shine	nsubj
7	shine	shine	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 shine	xcomp
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 beam	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 beam	det
11	torch	torch	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 beam	compound
12	beam	beam	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 shine	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 shine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not shine	present · do-support	your own eyes			a torch beam		green property	vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in beam=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Our eyes are always closed at night, even when we walk about

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 eyes	nmod:poss
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 closed	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 closed	aux:pass
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 closed	advmod
5	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 night	case
7	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 closed	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 walk	punct
9	even	even	ADV	_	12 walk	advmod
10	when	when	SCONJ	_	12 walk	mark
11	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	12 walk	nsubj
12	walk	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 closed	conj
13	about	about	ADV	_	12 walk	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	close	present · passive		Our eyes			night	always property	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	walk	present	we					about property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

People do not have the shiny tapetum layer behind the retina

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 have	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 have	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 have	advmod
4	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 layer	det
6	shiny	shiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 layer	amod
7	tapetum	tapetum	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 layer	compound
8	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 have	obj
9	behind	behind	ADP	_	11 retina	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 retina	det
11	retina	retina	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 layer	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	present · do-support	People	the shiny tapetum layer		the retina			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient

Option 3

Our eyes are too small to catch any torch light

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 eyes	nmod:poss
2	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 small	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 small	cop
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 small	advmod
5	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 catch	mark
7	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 small	advcl
8	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	10 light	det
9	torch	torch	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 light	compound
10	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 catch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Our eyes					small property	tree rules
2	catch	to-infinitive	Our eyes not said here	any torch light					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme

Option 4

Torches only work on animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Torches	torch	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 work	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 work	advmod
3	work	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 animals	case
5	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 work	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	Torches					on animals	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on animal=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/t3/