Test 7 · ★★ · How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing

A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt. What would most likely happen?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: kitten · What happens: grow up, not see, happen · To what, where: mother hunt

This is test 7 · ★★ of lesson 119 «How real cats hunt: stalking, waiting and pouncing» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A kitten grows up alone, never seeing its mother hunt.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 kitten	det
2	kitten	kitten	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 grows	nsubj
3	grows	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 grows	compound:prt
5	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 grows	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 seeing	punct
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 seeing	advmod
8	seeing	see	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 grows	advcl
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 hunt	nmod:poss
10	mother	mother	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hunt	compound
11	hunt	hunt	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 seeing	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 grows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	grow up	present	a kitten					alone property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not see	gerund	a kitten not said here	kitten's mother hunt					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hunt=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What would most likely happen?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	5 happen	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 happen	aux
3	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	4 likely	advmod
4	likely	likely	ADV	_	5 happen	advmod
5	happen	happen	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 happen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	would						likely property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It would be the best hunter of all, as nobody got in its way

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 hunter	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 hunter	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 hunter	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 hunter	det
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 hunter	amod
6	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 hunter	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 got	punct
10	as	as	SCONJ	_	12 got	mark
11	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	12 got	nsubj
12	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 hunter	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 way	case
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 way	nmod:poss
15	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 got	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	would	It	the best hunter				of all	tree rules
2	get	past	nobody			hunter's way			vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer

Option 2

It would never chase anything at all in its life, not even a ball of string

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 chase	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 chase	aux
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	4 chase	advmod
4	chase	chase	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 chase	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 all	case
7	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 anything	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 life	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 life	nmod:poss
10	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chase	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 ball	punct
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	15 ball	advmod
13	even	even	ADV	_	15 ball	advmod
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 ball	det
15	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 chase	obl
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 string	case
17	string	string	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ball	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not chase	would	It	anything		all		in its life; a ball of string obl	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent anything=Theme in life=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It would usually be a worse hunter, since hunting is partly learnt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 hunter	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 hunter	aux
3	usually	usually	ADV	_	7 hunter	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 hunter	cop
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 hunter	det
6	worse	bad	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 hunter	amod
7	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 hunter	punct
9	since	since	SCONJ	_	13 learnt	mark
10	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 learnt	nsubj:pass
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 learnt	aux:pass
12	partly	partly	ADV	_	13 learnt	advmod
13	learnt	learn	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 hunter	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	would	It	a worse hunter				usually property	tree rules
2	learn	present · passive		hunting				partly property	vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 4

It would learn to hunt from a book

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 learn	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 learn	aux
3	learn	learn	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 hunt	mark
5	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 learn	xcomp
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 book	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 book	det
8	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hunt	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	would	It						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	hunt	to-infinitive				a book			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/119-how-real-cats-hunt/t7/