Test 1 · ★ · Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern…

Granddad says leaves go red because frost paints them. right?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Granddad, leaves, frost · What happens: say, go, paint · To what, where: leaves · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 12 «Forests: woodland through the year and the great northern forest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Granddad	granddad	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 go	nsubj
4	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 says	ccomp
5	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 go	xcomp
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 paints	mark
7	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 paints	nsubj
8	paints	paint	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 go	advcl
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 paints	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 go	punct
11	right	right	ADV	_	4 go	advmod
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Granddad			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	go	infinitive	leaves		red, right property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	paint	present	frost	leaves = leaf		vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No, the rain washes the green away

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 washes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 rain	det
4	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 washes	nsubj
5	washes	wash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 green	det
7	green	green	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 washes	obj
8	away	away	ADV	_	5 washes	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash away	present	the rain	the green				away property	vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent green=Patient

Option 2

Yes, frost colours the leaves overnight

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 colours	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 colours	compound
4	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 leaves	det
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 colours	conj
7	overnight	overnight	ADV	_	4 colours	advmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

No, the green is broken down and red colours are made fresh

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 broken	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 green	det
4	green	green	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 broken	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 broken	aux:pass
6	broken	break	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	down	down	ADP	_	6 broken	compound:prt
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 made	cc
9	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 colours	amod
10	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 made	nsubj:pass
11	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 made	aux:pass
12	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 broken	conj
13	fresh	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 made	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	break down	present · passive		the green					vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	make	present · passive		red colours				fresh property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, without frost the leaves would stay green all through the winter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	8 stay	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 frost	punct
3	without	without	ADP	_	4 frost	case
4	frost	frost	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stay	nsubj
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 leaves	det
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 frost	conj
7	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	8 stay	aux
8	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
9	green	green	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 stay	xcomp
10	all	all	ADV	_	13 winter	advmod
11	through	through	ADP	_	13 winter	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 winter	det
13	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 stay	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	would	frost and the leaves				winter	green property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/12-forests-woodland-through-the-year/t1/