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Test 8 · ★★ · The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life

«why do lions need loads of cubs anyway?» What is the best answer?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: lions, best answer · What happens: need, be · To what, where: loads

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 124 «The Lion King: real lions, prides and the circle of life» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «why do lions need loads of cubs anyway?»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 need	punct
2	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 need	advmod
3	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 need	aux
4	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 need	nsubj
5	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	loads	load	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 need	obj
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 cubs	case
8	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 loads	nmod
9	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	5 need	advmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 need	punct
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need in a quote	present · do-support	lions	loads of cubs				anyway property	vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot load=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the best answer?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 answer	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 answer	amod
5	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best answer						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Fewer than half of wild cubs survive their first two years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Fewer	few	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 half	advmod
2	than	than	ADP	_	1 Fewer	fixed
3	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	7 survive	nsubj
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 cubs	case
5	wild	wild	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 cubs	amod
6	cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 half	nmod
7	survive	survive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 years	nmod:poss
9	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 years	amod
10	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	11 years	nummod
11	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 survive	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	survive	present	half of wild cubs				year		vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Cubs do the hunting while the grown-ups rest in the shade

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 do	nsubj
2	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 hunting	det
4	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 do	obj
5	while	while	SCONJ	_	10 rest	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 ups	det
7	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 ups	amod
8	-	-	PUNCT	_	7 grown	punct
9	ups	up	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 rest	nsubj
10	rest	rest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 do	advcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 shade	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 shade	det
13	shade	shade	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 rest	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	Cubs	the hunting					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunting=Eventuality
2	grow	participle							vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	rest	present	the grown ups			the shade			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in shade=Location

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Every cub becomes a king

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 cub	det
2	cub	cub	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	nsubj
3	becomes	become	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 king	det
5	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 becomes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	become	present	every cub	a king					vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient

Option 4

Cubs keep the whole pride warm at night by sleeping on top of the adults

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cubs	cub	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	nsubj
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 pride	det
4	whole	whole	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 pride	amod
5	pride	pride	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keep	obj
6	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 night	case
8	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keep	obl
9	by	by	SCONJ	_	10 sleeping	mark
10	sleeping	sleep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 keep	advcl
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 top	case
12	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 sleeping	obl
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 adults	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 adults	det
15	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 top	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	present	Cubs	the whole pride			night	warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pride=Theme
2	sleep	gerund	Cubs not said here			top of the adults			vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/124-the-lion-king-real-lions/t8/