Test 10 · Timon and Pumbaa: real meerkats and warthogs
A warthog meets a leopard in its burrow entrance. Why is it safer facing out?
Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: warthog · What happens: meet, be, face out · To what, where: leopard, burrow entrance
This is test 10 of lesson 125 «Timon and Pumbaa: real meerkats and warthogs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A warthog meets a leopard in its burrow entrance.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 warthog | det |
| 2 | warthog | warthog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 meets | nsubj |
| 3 | meets | meet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 leopard | det |
| 5 | leopard | leopard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 meets | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 entrance | case |
| 7 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 entrance | nmod:poss |
| 8 | burrow | burrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 entrance | compound |
| 9 | entrance | entrance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 meets | obl |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 meets | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | meet | present | a warthog | a leopard | warthog's burrow entrance | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leopard=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why is it safer facing out?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 safer | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 safer | cop |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 safer | nsubj |
| 4 | safer | safe | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | root | root |
| 5 | facing | face | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 safer | advcl |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 facing | compound:prt |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 safer | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | warthog | safe property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | face out | gerund | warthog not said here | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
The options
Option 1 · ✓ the right answer
It can charge out tusks first rather than be grabbed from behind
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 charge | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 charge | aux |
| 3 | charge | charge | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 charge | compound:prt |
| 5 | tusks | tusk | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 charge | obj |
| 6 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 charge | advmod |
| 7 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 10 grabbed | cc |
| 8 | than | than | ADP | _ | 7 rather | fixed |
| 9 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 grabbed | aux:pass |
| 10 | grabbed | grab | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 charge | conj |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 12 behind | case |
| 12 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 10 grabbed | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | charge out | can | It | tusks | first property | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location tusk=Theme | |||
| 2 | grab | infinitive · passive | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: from behind=Source |
Option 2
Leopards are scared of warthog tails and run off when they see one
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Leopards | leopard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 scared | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 scared | cop |
| 3 | scared | scared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 tails | case |
| 5 | warthog | warthog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tails | compound |
| 6 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 scared | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 run | cc |
| 8 | run | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 scared | conj |
| 9 | off | off | ADP | _ | 8 run | compound:prt |
| 10 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 see | advmod |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 see | nsubj |
| 12 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 run | advcl |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 see | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Leopards | of warthog tails; scared property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | run off | present | Leopards not said here | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | see | present | Leopards = leopard | one | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
Option 3
It can hide its face in the soil
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 hide | nsubj |
| 2 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 hide | aux |
| 3 | hide | hide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 face | nmod:poss |
| 5 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hide | obj |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 soil | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 soil | det |
| 8 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 hide | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hide | can | It | its face | the soil | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent face=Patient in soil=Location |
Option 4 · ← Mova's choice
Facing out lets it sleep better
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Facing | face | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 lets | csubj |
| 2 | out | out | ADP | _ | 1 Facing | compound:prt |
| 3 | lets | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lets | obj |
| 5 | sleep | sleep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 lets | xcomp |
| 6 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 5 sleep | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | face out | gerund | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | let | present | Facing | it | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | sleep | infinitive | well property | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/125-timon-and-pumbaa-real-meerkats-and-warthogs/t10/