Test 10 · Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes
«does a hippo drown when it falls asleep under water?» What is right?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: hippo · What happens: drown, fall, be · To what, where: water
This is test 10 of lesson 128 «Marty, Gloria and Melman: real zebras, hippos and giraffes» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: «does a hippo drown when it falls asleep under water?»
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 5 drown | punct |
| 2 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 drown | aux |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 hippo | det |
| 4 | hippo | hippo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 drown | nsubj |
| 5 | drown | drown | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 8 falls | mark |
| 7 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 falls | nsubj |
| 8 | falls | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 drown | ccomp |
| 9 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 falls | xcomp |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 11 water | case |
| 11 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 falls | obl |
| 12 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 5 drown | punct |
| 13 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 5 drown | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drown in a quote | present · do-support | a hippo | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | fall in a quote | present | hippo | water | asleep property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under water=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What is right?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 3 right | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 right | cop |
| 3 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 right | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | right property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
No, hippos breathe water
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 hippos | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | hippos | hippo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 breathe | nsubj |
| 4 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 breathe | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | breathe | present | hippos | water | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
No, it can come up for air while asleep without waking
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 5 come | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 come | nsubj |
| 4 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 come | aux |
| 5 | come | come | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | up | up | ADP | _ | 5 come | compound:prt |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 air | case |
| 8 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 come | obl |
| 9 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 10 asleep | mark |
| 10 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 come | advcl |
| 11 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 12 waking | mark |
| 12 | waking | wake | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 come | advcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come up | can | it | for air | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | wake | gerund | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
Option 3
No, hippos never sleep
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 hippos | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | hippos | hippo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 sleep | nsubj |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 sleep | advmod |
| 5 | sleep | sleep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not sleep | present | hippos | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 4
Yes, hippos often drown if they fall asleep in deep water
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 3 hippos | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | hippos | hippo | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 drown | nsubj |
| 4 | often | often | ADV | _ | 5 drown | advmod |
| 5 | drown | drown | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 8 fall | mark |
| 7 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 fall | nsubj |
| 8 | fall | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 drown | advcl |
| 9 | asleep | asleep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 fall | xcomp |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 water | case |
| 11 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 water | amod |
| 12 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 fall | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | drown | present | hippos | often property | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | fall a condition, not said to happen | present | hippos = hippo | deep water | asleep property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in water=Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/128-madagascar-real-zebras-hippos-and-giraffes/t10/