Exam question 3 · Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the natural range of the dodo?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: natural range

This is exam question 3 of lesson 131 «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 range	det
10	natural	natural	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 range	amod
11	range	range	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 dodo	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 dodo	det
14	dodo	dodo	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 range	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the natural range of the dodo				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It occupied the ice sheets of the northern hemisphere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 occupied	nsubj
2	occupied	occupy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sheets	det
4	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sheets	compound
5	sheets	sheet	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 occupied	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 hemisphere	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 hemisphere	det
8	northern	northern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 hemisphere	amod
9	hemisphere	hemisphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sheets	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	occupy	past	It	the ice sheets of the northern hemisphere					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sheet=Experiencer

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It was confined to the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 confined	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 confined	aux:pass
3	confined	confine	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 island	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 island	det
6	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 confined	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Mauritius	case
8	Mauritius	Mauritius	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 island	nmod
9	in	in	ADP	_	12 Ocean	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Ocean	det
11	Indian	Indian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 Ocean	amod
12	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 confined	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confine	past · passive		It		the Indian Ocean		to the island of Mauritius	vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme to island=Destination

Option 3

It inhabited the forests of South America

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 inhabited	nsubj
2	inhabited	inhabit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 forests	det
4	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 inhabited	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 America	case
6	South	South	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 America	compound
7	America	America	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 forests	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inhabit	past	It	the forests of South America					tree rules

Option 4

It was distributed throughout Europe and Asia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 distributed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 distributed	aux:pass
3	distributed	distribute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	5 Europe	case
5	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 distributed	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 Asia	cc
7	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Europe	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	distribute	past · passive		It			throughout Europe and Asia		vn contribute-13.2-1 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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