Test 5 · Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and…

«Sid's a sloth so ground sloths were tiny and lived in trees, obvs» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Sid, ground sloths · What happens: be, live · To what, where: sloth, trees · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 5 of lesson 131 «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 sloth	punct
2	Sid	Sid	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 sloth	nsubj
3	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 sloth	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sloth	det
5	sloth	sloth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 tiny	advmod
7	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sloths	compound
8	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 tiny	nsubj
9	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 tiny	cop
10	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 sloth	advcl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 lived	cc
12	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 tiny	conj
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 trees	case
14	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 lived	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 obvs	punct
16	obvs	obv	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 trees	conj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 tiny	punct
18	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	20 right	nsubj
19	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 right	cop
20	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tiny	parataxis
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 sloth	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	Sid	a sloth			tree rules
2	is in a quote	past	ground sloths			tiny property	tree rules
3	live in a quote	past	ground sloths not said here		trees and obvs		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location
4	is	present				right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

No, they lived under the sea

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 lived	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 lived	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 lived	nsubj
4	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 sea	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 sea	det
7	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	they			the sea			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under sea=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, they hung upside down from branches like today's sloths

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 hung	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 hung	nsubj
4	hung	hang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	upside	upside	ADV	_	4 hung	advmod
6	down	down	ADV	_	4 hung	advmod
7	from	from	ADP	_	8 branches	case
8	branches	branch	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 hung	obl
9	like	like	ADP	_	12 sloths	case
10	today	today	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sloths	nmod:poss
11	's	's	PART	_	10 today	case
12	sloths	sloth	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 branches	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang down	past	they			branches like today's sloths		down, upside property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Yes, they were tiny and lived in trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 tiny	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 tiny	nsubj
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tiny	cop
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 lived	cc
7	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 tiny	conj
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 trees	case
9	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	they					tiny property	tree rules
2	live	past	they not said here			trees			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in tree=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Some were as big as elephants and far too heavy to climb

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 big	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 big	cop
3	as	as	ADV	_	4 big	advmod
4	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	as	as	ADP	_	6 elephants	case
6	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 big	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 heavy	cc
8	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	10 heavy	advmod
9	too	too	ADV	_	10 heavy	advmod
10	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 big	conj
11	to	to	PART	_	12 climb	mark
12	climb	climb	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 heavy	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	past	Some	as elephants; big property	tree rules
2	be		Some not said here	far property	tree rules
3	climb	to-infinitive	Some not said here		vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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