Exam question 3 · Finding Nemo: real sharks, anglerfish, pelicans and gulls

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relative mortality as between sharks and human beings?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: relative mortality

This is exam question 3 of lesson 134 «Finding Nemo: real sharks, anglerfish, pelicans and gulls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mortality	det
10	relative	relative	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 mortality	amod
11	mortality	mortality	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	as	as	ADP	_	14 sharks	case
13	between	between	ADP	_	14 sharks	case
14	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 beings	cc
16	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 beings	amod
17	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 sharks	conj
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the relative mortality				of the following statements; as sharks and human beings; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sharks kill many millions of persons annually, whereas human beings kill very few sharks

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 kill	nsubj
2	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 millions	amod
4	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 kill	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 persons	case
6	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 millions	nmod
7	annually	annually	ADV	_	2 kill	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 kill	punct
9	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	_	12 kill	mark
10	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 beings	amod
11	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 kill	nsubj
12	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 kill	advcl
13	very	very	ADV	_	14 few	advmod
14	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 sharks	amod
15	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 kill	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	Sharks	many millions of persons				annually property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Theme
2	kill	present	human beings	few sharks					vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shark=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Human beings kill many millions of sharks annually, whereas sharks kill a very small number of persons

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 beings	amod
2	beings	being	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kill	nsubj
3	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 millions	amod
5	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kill	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 sharks	case
7	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 millions	nmod
8	annually	annually	ADV	_	3 kill	advmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 kill	punct
10	whereas	whereas	PRON	PronType=Rel	12 kill	obj
11	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 kill	nsubj
12	kill	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 kill	advcl
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 number	det
14	very	very	ADV	_	15 small	advmod
15	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 number	amod
16	number	number	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 kill	obj
17	of	of	ADP	_	18 persons	case
18	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 number	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	Human beings	many millions of sharks				annually property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Theme
2	kill	present	sharks	whereas					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Stimulus whereas=Experiencer number=Result

Option 3

The numbers killed on each side are approximately equal

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 numbers	det
2	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 equal	nsubj
3	killed	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 numbers	acl
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 side	case
5	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	6 side	det
6	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 killed	obl
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 equal	cop
8	approximately	approximately	ADV	_	9 equal	advmod
9	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	past	the numbers not said here			each side			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
2	is	present	the numbers					approximately, equal property	tree rules

Option 4

Neither party is ever responsible for the death of the other

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Neither	neither	DET	PronType=Neg	2 party	det
2	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 responsible	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 responsible	cop
4	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 responsible	advmod
5	responsible	responsible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 death	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 death	det
8	death	death	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 responsible	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 other	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 other	det
11	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 death	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	neither party				ever	for the death of the other; responsible property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/134-finding-nemo-real-sharks-anglerfish-and-seabirds/e3/