Exam question 3 · Peppa's friends as real animals: sheep, ponies, parrots, g…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the pony?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: pony

This is exam question 3 of lesson 139 «Peppa's friends as real animals: sheep, ponies, parrots, gazelles, kangaroos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 pony	det
10	pony	pony	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the pony				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a variety of donkey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 variety	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 variety	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 variety	det
4	variety	variety	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 donkey	case
6	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 variety	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a variety				of donkey	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

It is the juvenile form of the full-sized horse, which attains its full stature in a few years

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 form	det
4	juvenile	juvenile	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	compound
5	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	11 horse	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 horse	det
8	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 sized	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 full	punct
10	sized	size	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 horse	amod
11	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 attains	punct
13	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 attains	nsubj
14	attains	attain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	parataxis
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 stature	nmod:poss
16	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 stature	amod
17	stature	stature	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 attains	obj
18	in	in	ADP	_	21 years	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 years	det
20	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	21 years	amod
21	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 attains	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the juvenile form		of the sized horse	tree rules
2	size	participle					tree rules
3	attain	present	the juvenile form	horse's full stature	year		vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stature=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is a horse of small stature, frequently originating in cold and hilly regions

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 horse	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 horse	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 horse	det
4	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 stature	case
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stature	amod
7	stature	stature	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 horse	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 originating	punct
9	frequently	frequently	ADV	_	10 originating	advmod
10	originating	originate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 horse	acl
11	in	in	ADP	_	15 regions	case
12	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 regions	amod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 hilly	cc
14	hilly	hilly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 cold	conj
15	regions	region	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 originating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a horse				of small stature	tree rules
2	originate	gerund	a horse not said here			cold regions		frequently property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It is the offspring of a horse and a goat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 offspring	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 offspring	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 offspring	det
4	offspring	offspring	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 horse	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 horse	det
7	horse	horse	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 offspring	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 goat	cc
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 goat	det
10	goat	goat	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 offspring	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the offspring and a goat				of a horse	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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