Exam question 3 · Zootopia: real foxes and rabbits
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between the red fox and the rabbit in nature?
Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: relationship
This is exam question 3 of lesson 141 «Zootopia: real foxes and rabbits» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 8 characterises | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 statements | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 statements | det |
| 4 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 statements | amod |
| 5 | statements | statement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 characterises | obl |
| 6 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 7 accurately | advmod |
| 7 | accurately | accurately | ADV | _ | 8 characterises | advmod |
| 8 | characterises | characteris | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 relationship | det |
| 10 | relationship | relationship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 characterises | obj |
| 11 | between | between | ADP | _ | 14 fox | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 fox | det |
| 13 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 fox | amod |
| 14 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 relationship | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 rabbit | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 rabbit | det |
| 17 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 relationship | conj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 nature | case |
| 19 | nature | nature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 rabbit | nmod |
| 20 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 characterises | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | characteris | present | the relationship and the rabbit in nature | of the following statements; between the red fox; accurately property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
The two species customarily form lasting friendships and share a burrow through the winter
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 species | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 species | nummod |
| 3 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 form | nsubj |
| 4 | customarily | customarily | ADV | _ | 5 form | advmod |
| 5 | form | form | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | lasting | last | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 friendships | amod |
| 7 | friendships | friendship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 form | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 share | cc |
| 9 | share | share | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 form | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 burrow | det |
| 11 | burrow | burrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 share | obj |
| 12 | through | through | ADP | _ | 14 winter | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 winter | det |
| 14 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 share | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | form | present | the two species | lasting friendships | customarily property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location friendship=Theme | |||
| 2 | last | gerund | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | share | present | the two species not said here | a burrow | winter | tree rules |
Option 2
The two species never encounter one another
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 species | det |
| 2 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 species | nummod |
| 3 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 encounter | nsubj |
| 4 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 5 encounter | advmod |
| 5 | encounter | encounter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 encounter | obj |
| 7 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 6 one | fixed |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not encounter | present | the two species | one | vn encounter-30.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus |
Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
The fox is a predator of the rabbit, and fox numbers tend to follow rabbit numbers
The tree, 16 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 fox | det |
| 2 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 predator | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 predator | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 predator | det |
| 5 | predator | predator | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 rabbit | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 rabbit | det |
| 8 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 predator | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 tend | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 tend | cc |
| 11 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 numbers | compound |
| 12 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 tend | nsubj |
| 13 | tend | tend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 predator | parataxis |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 follow | mark |
| 15 | follow | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 tend | xcomp |
| 16 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 numbers | compound |
| 17 | numbers | number | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 follow | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the fox | a predator | of the rabbit | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tend | present | fox numbers | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | follow | to-infinitive | fox numbers not said here | rabbit numbers | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Theme |
Option 4
The rabbit is a predator of the fox
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 rabbit | det |
| 2 | rabbit | rabbit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 predator | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 predator | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 predator | det |
| 5 | predator | predator | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 fox | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 fox | det |
| 8 | fox | fox | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 predator | nmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the rabbit | a predator | of the fox | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/141-zootopia-real-foxes-and-rabbits/e3/