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Test 7 · Shrek's Donkey: real donkeys and mules

A farmer's sheep stopped going missing after she bought a donkey. What is the likely reason?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: sheep, farmer, likely reason · What happens: stop, go, miss, buy, be · To what, where: donkey

This is test 7 of lesson 145 «Shrek's Donkey: real donkeys and mules» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A farmer's sheep stopped going missing after she bought a donkey.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 farmer	det
2	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 sheep	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 farmer	case
4	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stopped	nsubj
5	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	going	go	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 stopped	xcomp
7	missing	miss	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 going	xcomp
8	after	after	SCONJ	_	10 bought	mark
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 bought	nsubj
10	bought	buy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 missing	ccomp
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 donkey	det
12	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 bought	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stopped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	past	a farmer's sheep						vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	go	gerund	a farmer's sheep not said here						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	miss	gerund	a farmer's sheep not said here						vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4	buy	past	farmer	a donkey					vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent donkey=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the likely reason?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 reason	det
4	likely	likely	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 reason	amod
5	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the likely reason						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The donkey made the sheep run faster than foxes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 donkey	det
2	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj
3	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sheep	det
5	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 run	nsubj
6	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	ccomp
7	faster	fast	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 made	advmod
8	than	than	ADP	_	9 foxes	case
9	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 faster	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	the donkey					fast property	tree rules
2	run	present	the sheep						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

The sheep stayed inside the donkey's shed

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sheep	det
2	sheep	sheep	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 stayed	nsubj
3	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	inside	inside	ADP	_	8 shed	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 donkey	det
6	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 shed	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 donkey	case
8	shed	shed	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 stayed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	the sheep			the donkey's shed			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme inside shed=Location

Option 3

The donkey ate all the foxes it could catch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 donkey	det
2	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 ate	nsubj
3	ate	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 foxes	det:predet
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 foxes	det
6	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 ate	obj
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 catch	nsubj
8	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 catch	aux
9	catch	catch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 foxes	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	past	the donkey	all foxes					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fox=Patient
2	catch	could	donkey	all foxes not said here					vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fox=Theme

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The donkey chased off foxes and dogs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 donkey	det
2	donkey	donkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	chased	chase	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 foxes	amod
4	off	off	ADP	_	3 chased	compound:prt
5	foxes	fox	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 donkey	appos
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 dogs	cc
7	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 foxes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase off	participle							vn chase-51.6 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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