Exam question 4 · Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothin…

Ascertain the function of the forked tongue of the Komodo dragon.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, fork · To what, where: function

This is exam question 4 of lesson 146 «Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothing breathes fire» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 function	det
3	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 tongue	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 tongue	det
6	forked	fork	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 tongue	amod
7	tongue	tongue	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 function	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	11 dragon	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 dragon	det
10	Komodo	Komodo	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 dragon	compound
11	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 tongue	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the function of the forked tongue of the Komodo dragon					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent function=Topic
2	fork	participle							vn pocket-9.10 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It gathers scent for an organ in the roof of the mouth and distinguishes direction

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 gathers	nsubj
2	gathers	gather	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	scent	scent	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gathers	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 organ	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 organ	det
6	organ	organ	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gathers	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 roof	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 roof	det
9	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 organ	nmod
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 mouth	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 mouth	det
12	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 roof	nmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 distinguishes	cc
14	distinguishes	distinguish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 gathers	conj
15	direction	direction	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 distinguishes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	gather	present	It	scent				for a organ in the roof of the mouth	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent scent=Theme for organ=Beneficiary
2	distinguish	present		direction					vn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Attribute direction=Theme

Option 2

It serves for the lowering of the body temperature

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 serves	nsubj
2	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 lowering	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lowering	det
5	lowering	lowering	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 temperature	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 temperature	det
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 temperature	compound
9	temperature	temperature	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 lowering	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	serve	present	It					for the lowering of the body temperature	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for lowering=Recipient
2	lower			the body temperature					nom lowering «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 3

It serves principally for the tasting of food already bitten, and for testing whether it is safe to eat

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 serves	nsubj
2	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	principally	principally	ADV	_	2 serves	advmod
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 tasting	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tasting	det
6	tasting	tasting	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 food	case
8	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 tasting	nmod
9	already	already	ADV	_	10 bitten	advmod
10	bitten	bite	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 food	acl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 testing	punct
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 testing	cc
13	for	for	ADP	_	14 testing	case
14	testing	testing	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	conj
15	whether	whether	SCONJ	_	18 safe	mark
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 safe	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 safe	cop
18	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 testing	acl:relcl
19	to	to	PART	_	20 eat	mark
20	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 safe	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	serve	present	It		for the tasting of food; principally property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for tasting=Recipient
2	bite	participle		food not said here		vn swat-18.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	it	testing not said here	safe property	tree rules
4	eat	to-infinitive				vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
5	taste			food		nom tasting «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It serves for the capture of flying insects

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 serves	nsubj
2	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 capture	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 capture	det
5	capture	capture	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 serves	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 insects	case
7	flying	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 insects	amod
8	insects	insect	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 capture	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	serve	present	It		for the capture of flying insects	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for capture=Recipient
2	fly	gerund				vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	capture			flying insects		nom capture «act transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/e4/