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Test 10 · ★★ · Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothin…

A Draco lizard leaps from one tree trunk and lands on another 10 metres away. How?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Draco lizard · What happens: leap, land · To what, where: one tree trunk, 10 metres

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 146 «Shrek's dragon: real «dragons» and lizards, and why nothing breathes fire» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A Draco lizard leaps from one tree trunk and lands on another 10 metres away.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 lizard	det
2	Draco	Draco	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 lizard	compound
3	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	nsubj
4	leaps	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	8 trunk	case
6	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	8 trunk	nummod
7	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 trunk	compound
8	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 lands	cc
10	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 leaps	conj
11	on	on	ADP	_	14 metres	case
12	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	14 metres	det
13	10	10	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	14 metres	nummod
14	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 lands	obl
15	away	away	ADV	_	14 metres	advmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 leaps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leap	present	a Draco lizard			one tree trunk			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from trunk=Trajectory
2	land	present	a Draco lizard not said here			another 10 metres			vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on metre=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
2	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 How	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

The options

Option 1

It flaps feathered wings like a bird

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 flaps	nsubj
2	flaps	flap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	feathered	feathered	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 wings	amod
4	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 flaps	obj
5	like	like	ADP	_	7 bird	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 bird	det
7	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wings	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flap	present	It	feathered wings				like a bird	vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It glides on skin flaps spread out on its long ribs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 glides	nsubj
2	glides	glide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	SCONJ	_	6 spread	mark
4	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flaps	compound
5	flaps	flap	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 spread	nsubj
6	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 glides	ccomp
7	out	out	ADP	_	6 spread	compound:prt
8	on	on	ADP	_	11 ribs	case
9	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 ribs	nmod:poss
10	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 ribs	amod
11	ribs	rib	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 spread	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	glide	present	It						tree rules
2	spread out	present	skin flaps			its long ribs			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on rib=Location

Option 3

The wind blows it across like a leaf

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 wind	det
2	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blows	nsubj
3	blows	blow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 blows	obj
5	across	across	ADV	_	3 blows	advmod
6	like	like	ADP	_	8 leaf	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 leaf	det
8	leaf	leaf	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 blows	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	blow	present	the wind	it				like a leaf; across property	vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent it=Patient

Option 4

It jumps with very strong back legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 jumps	nsubj
2	jumps	jump	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	7 legs	case
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 strong	advmod
5	strong	strong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 legs	amod
6	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 legs	compound
7	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 jumps	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	present	It					with strong back legs	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/146-shrek-s-dragon-real-dragons-and-lizards/t10/