Test 10 · ★ · Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops

A proboscis monkey falls out of a tree into a river. What happens next?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: proboscis monkey · What happens: fall, happen · To what, where: tree

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 15 «Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A proboscis monkey falls out of a tree into a river.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 monkey	det
2	proboscis	proboscis	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 monkey	compound
3	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 falls	nsubj
4	falls	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	8 tree	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 tree	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 tree	det
8	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 falls	obl
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 river	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 river	det
11	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 falls	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 falls	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fall	present	a proboscis monkey			a tree		into a river	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme out tree=Initial_Location into river=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happens next?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happens	nsubj
2	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	next	next	ADV	_	2 happens	advmod
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happens	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present						next property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It sinks to the bottom, because no monkey can swim at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sinks	nsubj
2	sinks	sink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 bottom	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bottom	det
5	bottom	bottom	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sinks	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 swim	punct
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 swim	mark
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 monkey	det
9	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 swim	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 swim	aux
11	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 sinks	parataxis
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 all	case
13	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	11 swim	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	present	It					to the bottom	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	swim	can	no monkey			all			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Trajectory

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It swims away, it is a great swimmer with partly webbed feet

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 swims	nsubj
2	swims	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	away	away	ADV	_	2 swims	advmod
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 swimmer	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 swimmer	nsubj
6	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 swimmer	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 swimmer	det
8	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 swimmer	amod
9	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 swims	conj
10	with	with	ADP	_	13 feet	case
11	partly	partly	ADV	_	12 webbed	advmod
12	webbed	web	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	13 feet	amod
13	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 swimmer	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	swim away	present	It		away property	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present	it	a great swimmer	with webbed feet	tree rules
3	web	participle			partly property	tree rules

Option 3

It floats on its big nose

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 floats	nsubj
2	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 nose	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 nose	nmod:poss
5	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 nose	amod
6	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 floats	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present	It			its big nose			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on nose=Trajectory

Option 4

It waits for its troop to fish it out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 waits	nsubj
2	waits	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	for	for	ADP	_	5 troop	case
4	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 troop	nmod:poss
5	troop	troop	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 waits	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 fish	mark
7	fish	fish	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 waits	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 fish	obj
9	out	out	ADP	_	7 fish	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wait	present	It					for its troop	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	fish out	to-infinitive		troop					vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/t10/