Test 1 · Myth check: do ostriches bury their heads in the sand?

In a cartoon an ostrich hides its head in the sand and the lion walks past. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: ostrich, lion · What happens: hide, walk, be · To what, where: head, cartoon

This is test 1 of lesson 151 «Myth check: do ostriches bury their heads in the sand?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon an ostrich hides its head in the sand and the lion walks past.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	obl
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 ostrich	det
5	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	nsubj
6	hides	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 head	nmod:poss
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	obj
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 sand	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sand	det
11	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hides	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 walks	cc
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 lion	det
14	lion	lion	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 walks	nsubj
15	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 hides	conj
16	past	past	ADV	_	15 walks	advmod
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 hides	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hide	present	a ostrich	ostrich's head		a cartoon		in the sand	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent head=Patient in cartoon=Location
2	walk	present	the lion					past property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A real ostrich would run, kick or lie flat; with its head in the sand it could not even breathe

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 ostrich	det
2	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 ostrich	amod
3	ostrich	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 run	nsubj
4	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 run	aux
5	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 kick	punct
7	kick	kick	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 run	conj
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 lie	cc
9	lie	lie	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 kick	conj
10	flat	flat	ADV	_	9 lie	advmod
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	22 breathe	punct
12	with	with	ADP	_	14 head	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 head	nmod:poss
14	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 breathe	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 sand	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 sand	det
17	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 head	nmod
18	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 breathe	nsubj
19	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 breathe	aux
20	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	22 breathe	advmod
21	even	even	ADV	_	22 breathe	advmod
22	breathe	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 run	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	run	would	a real ostrich		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	kick	infinitive	a real ostrich not said here		vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
3	lie	infinitive	a real ostrich not said here	flat property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	not breathe	could	ostrich	with ostrich's head in the sand	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Only cartoon lions are fooled, but real lions are fooled by it too, which is why ostriches still do it

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 lions	advmod
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 lions	compound
3	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 fooled	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fooled	aux:pass
5	fooled	fool	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 fooled	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 fooled	cc
8	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lions	amod
9	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 fooled	nsubj:pass
10	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 fooled	aux:pass
11	fooled	fool	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 fooled	conj
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 fooled	obl
14	too	too	ADV	_	11 fooled	advmod
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 why	punct
16	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	18 why	nsubj
17	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 why	cop
18	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 fooled	parataxis
19	ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 do	nsubj
20	still	still	ADV	_	21 do	advmod
21	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 why	advcl:relcl
22	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	fool	present · passive	cartoon lions		vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	fool	present · passive	real lions	by it	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
3	is	present		why property	tree rules

Option 3

That is exactly what real ostriches do

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	That	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 what	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 what	cop
3	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	4 what	advmod
4	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
5	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ostriches	amod
6	ostriches	ostrich	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 do	nsubj
7	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 what	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	That					exactly property	tree rules
2	do	present	real ostriches						vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It works because lions cannot see bottoms

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 works	nsubj
2	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	7 see	mark
4	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 see	nsubj
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 see	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 see	advmod
7	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 works	advcl
8	bottoms	bottom	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	present	It						vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	not see	can	lions	bottoms					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer bottom=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/151-ostriches-and-heads-in-the-sand/t1/