Test 11 · ★ · Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?

Why might a goldfish keep gulping at the surface?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: goldfish · What happens: keep, gulp · To what, where: surface

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 152 «Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 keep	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 keep	aux
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 goldfish	det
4	goldfish	goldfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 keep	nsubj
5	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	gulping	gulp	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 keep	xcomp
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 surface	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 surface	det
9	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 gulping	obl
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 keep	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	might	a goldfish						tree rules
2	gulp	gerund	a goldfish not said here			the surface			vn gobble-39.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It wants to jump out of the water and fly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wants	nsubj
2	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 jump	mark
4	jump	jump	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wants	xcomp
5	out	out	ADP	_	8 water	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 jump	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 fly	cc
10	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 jump	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	want	present	It		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	jump out not said to happen	to-infinitive		the water	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme water=Trajectory
3	fly	infinitive			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

It is very happy and wants to play

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 happy	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 happy	cop
3	very	very	ADV	_	4 happy	advmod
4	happy	happy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 wants	cc
6	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 happy	conj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 play	mark
8	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 wants	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	It	happy property	tree rules
2	want	present			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	play not said to happen	to-infinitive			vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

It is trying to drink the air for fun

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trying	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 trying	aux
3	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 drink	mark
5	drink	drink	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 trying	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 air	det
7	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drink	obj
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 fun	case
9	fun	fun	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 drink	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present · progressive	It						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	drink not said to happen	to-infinitive		the air				for fun	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Patient

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The water may be short of oxygen

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 water	det
2	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 short	nsubj
3	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 short	aux
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 short	cop
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 oxygen	case
7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 short	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	may	the water					of oxygen; short property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/152-goldfish-memory/t11/