Test 6 · ★ · Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?

«they grow to fit the bowl, so a small bowl keeps 'em cute and small» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: they, small bowl · What happens: grow, fit, keep, be · To what, where: bowl, 'em · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 152 «Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 grow	punct
2	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 grow	nsubj
3	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 fit	mark
5	fit	fit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 grow	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bowl	det
7	bowl	bowl	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fit	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 keeps	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	13 keeps	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 bowl	det
11	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 bowl	amod
12	bowl	bowl	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 keeps	nsubj
13	keeps	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grow	conj
14	'em	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 keeps	obj
15	cute	cute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 keeps	xcomp
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 small	cc
17	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cute	conj
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	15 cute	punct
19	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	21 right	nsubj
20	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	21 right	cop
21	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 cute	parataxis
22	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 grow	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	grow in a quote	present	they			tree rules
2	fit in a quote	to-infinitive	they not said here	the bowl		vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bowl=Patient
3	keep in a quote	present	a small bowl	'em = they	cute property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
4	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

A small bowl stunts their growth and makes them ill; they need a big filtered tank

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 bowl	det
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 bowl	amod
3	bowl	bowl	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stunts	nsubj
4	stunts	stunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 growth	nmod:poss
6	growth	growth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 stunts	obj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 makes	cc
8	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 stunts	conj
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 makes	obj
10	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 makes	xcomp
11	;	;	PUNCT	_	13 need	punct
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 need	nsubj
13	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 stunts	conj
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 tank	det
15	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 tank	amod
16	filtered	filter	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	17 tank	amod
17	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 need	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stunt	present	a small bowl	their growth		tree rules
2	make	present	a small bowl not said here	them = they	ill property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product
3	need	present	they	a big filtered tank		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot tank=Theme
4	filter	participle				vn wipe_instr-10.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
5	grow		their = they			nom growth «process intransitive»: poss=agent

Option 2

Yes, and it makes them live longer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 makes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 makes	punct
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 makes	cc
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 makes	nsubj
5	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 makes	obj
7	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 makes	xcomp
8	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	7 live	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present	it	them = they					tree rules
2	live	infinitive	them = they not said here					long property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

No, they shrink back down if they are put in a big tank, so small bowls are best

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 shrink	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 shrink	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shrink	nsubj
4	shrink	shrink	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	back	back	ADV	_	6 down	advmod
6	down	down	ADV	_	4 shrink	advmod
7	if	if	SCONJ	_	10 put	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 put	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 put	aux:pass
10	put	put	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 shrink	advcl
11	in	in	ADP	_	14 tank	case
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 tank	det
13	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 tank	amod
14	tank	tank	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 put	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 best	punct
16	so	so	ADV	_	20 best	advmod
17	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 bowls	amod
18	bowls	bowl	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 best	nsubj
19	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 best	cop
20	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	4 shrink	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	shrink back	present	they			down property	vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	put a condition, not said to happen	present · passive		they	a big tank		vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in tank=Destination
3	is	present	small bowls			good property	tree rules

Option 4

Yes, that is how it works

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 how	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 how	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 how	cop
5	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	root	root
6	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 works	nsubj
7	works	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 how	ccomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					how property	tree rules
2	work	present	it						vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/152-goldfish-memory/t6/