Test 8 · ★★★ · More animal myths: red rags, camel humps, porcupine arrows…

In a cartoon a chameleon sits on a tartan blanket and turns tartan. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: chameleon · What happens: sit, turn, be · To what, where: cartoon, tartan

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 154 «More animal myths: red rags, camel humps, porcupine arrows, toads and falling cats» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a chameleon sits on a tartan blanket and turns tartan.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sits	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 chameleon	det
5	chameleon	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sits	nsubj
6	sits	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	on	on	ADP	_	10 blanket	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 blanket	det
9	tartan	tartan	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 blanket	amod
10	blanket	blanket	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 sits	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 turns	cc
12	turns	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 sits	conj
13	tartan	tartan	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 turns	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 sits	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	present	a chameleon			a cartoon		on a tartan blanket	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in cartoon=Location
2	turn	present	a chameleon not said here	tartan					vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent tartan=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Chameleons never change colour

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 change	advmod
3	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 change	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not change	present	Chameleons	colour					vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Chameleons change colour mainly for mood, warmth and signals and cannot copy patterns like that

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 change	nsubj
2	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 change	obj
4	mainly	mainly	ADV	_	2 change	advmod
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 mood	case
6	mood	mood	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 change	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 warmth	punct
8	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 mood	conj
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 signals	cc
10	signals	signal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 mood	conj
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 copy	cc
12	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 copy	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 copy	advmod
14	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 change	conj
15	patterns	pattern	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 copy	obj
16	like	like	ADP	_	17 that	case
17	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	14 copy	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Chameleons	colour				for mood and warmth and signals; mainly property	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent colour=Theme for mood=Co-Theme
2	not copy	can	Chameleons not said here	patterns				like that	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme

Option 3

Chameleons only change colour on blankets and cushions, never on trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 change	advmod
3	change	change	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 change	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 blankets	case
6	blankets	blanket	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 cushions	cc
8	cushions	cushion	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 blankets	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 trees	punct
10	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 trees	advmod
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 trees	case
12	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 change	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	change	present	Chameleons	colour		blankets and cushions		on trees	vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient

Option 4

Chameleons copy any pattern exactly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chameleons	chameleon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 copy	nsubj
2	copy	copy	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	4 pattern	det
4	pattern	pattern	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 copy	obj
5	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	2 copy	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	copy	present	Chameleons	any pattern				exactly property	vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pattern=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/154-more-animal-myths-from-cartoons/t8/