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Test 1 · The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fis…

In a cartoon a cow steps into a river and a piranha swarm leaves only bones in seconds. What is true?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: cow, piranha swarm · What happens: step, leave, be · To what, where: cartoon, bones

This is test 1 of lesson 155 «The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In a cartoon a cow steps into a river and a piranha swarm leaves only bones in seconds.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 cartoon	case
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cartoon	det
3	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steps	obl
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 cow	det
5	cow	cow	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steps	nsubj
6	steps	step	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	into	into	ADP	_	9 river	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 river	det
9	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 steps	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 leaves	cc
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 swarm	det
12	piranha	piranha	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 swarm	compound
13	swarm	swarm	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 leaves	nsubj
14	leaves	leave	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 steps	conj
15	only	only	ADV	_	16 bones	advmod
16	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 leaves	obj
17	in	in	ADP	_	18 seconds	case
18	seconds	second	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 leaves	obl
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 steps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	step	present	a cow			a cartoon		into a river	vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into river=Destination
2	leave	present	a piranha swarm	bones			second		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Piranhas live only in cartoons and films, never in real rivers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	nsubj
2	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 cartoons	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 cartoons	case
5	cartoons	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 films	cc
7	films	film	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 cartoons	conj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 rivers	punct
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 rivers	advmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 rivers	case
11	real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 rivers	amod
12	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Piranhas			cartoons and films		in real rivers	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cartoon=Location

Option 2

Exactly what happens every day

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Exactly	exactly	ADV	_	2 what	advmod
2	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 happens	nsubj
3	happens	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 day	det
5	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 happens	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	present					day		vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

Piranhas eat only cows

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	4 cows	advmod
4	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Piranhas	cows					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cow=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

The scene is a myth; most piranhas are timid scavengers and people swim among them

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scene	det
2	scene	scene	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 myth	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 myth	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 myth	det
5	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 scavengers	punct
7	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	8 piranhas	amod
8	piranhas	piranha	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 scavengers	nsubj
9	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 scavengers	cop
10	timid	timid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 scavengers	amod
11	scavengers	scavenger	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 swim	nsubj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 people	cc
13	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 scavengers	conj
14	swim	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 myth	parataxis
15	among	among	ADP	_	16 them	case
16	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 swim	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the scene	a myth					tree rules
2	is a	present	most piranhas	timid scavengers and people					tree rules
3	swim	present	timid scavengers and people					among piranhas = piranha	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among they=Trajectory

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/155-the-amazon-river/t1/