Test 6 · ★ · The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart fr…

«I saw a monkey hang by its tail in Africa» What would you say?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: I, you · What happens: see, say · To what, where: monkey hang · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 · ★ of lesson 156 «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct
2	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hang	det
5	monkey	monkey	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 hang	compound
6	hang	hang	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	obj
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 tail	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tail	nmod:poss
9	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 saw	obl
10	in	in	ADP	_	11 Africa	case
11	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 tail	nmod
12	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct
13	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	16 say	obj
14	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	16 say	aux
15	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	16 say	nsubj
16	say	say	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 saw	ccomp
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 saw	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see in a quote	past	I	a monkey hang				by hang's tail in Africa	tree rules
2	say speech: assert	would	you						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent what=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Yes, but only monkeys from Africa and Asia can hang by their tails

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	11 hang	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 hang	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 hang	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 monkeys	advmod
5	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hang	nsubj
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 Africa	case
7	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 monkeys	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Asia	cc
9	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Africa	conj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 hang	aux
11	hang	hang	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 tails	case
13	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	14 tails	nmod:poss
14	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 hang	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hang	can	monkeys from Africa and Asia					by monkeys's tails	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by tail=Location

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Probably not; only monkeys of the Americas have gripping tails

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Probably	probably	ADV	_	9 have	advmod
2	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	9 have	advmod
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 have	punct
4	only	only	ADV	_	5 monkeys	advmod
5	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 have	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 Americas	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 Americas	det
8	Americas	AMERICAS	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 monkeys	nmod
9	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	gripping	grip	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 have	xcomp
11	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 gripping	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not have	present	monkeys of the Americas					probably property	tree rules
2	grip	gerund	monkeys of the Americas not said here	tails					vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Experiencer

Option 3

Monkeys have no tails

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	nsubj
2	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 tails	det
4	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 have	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Monkeys	no tails					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient

Option 4

Yes, all monkeys do that

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 do	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	4 monkeys	det
4	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 do	nsubj
5	do	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 do	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present	all monkeys	that					vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/t6/