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Test 8 · ★★ · Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric…

An electric eel leaps out at a hand. Why jump instead of staying in the water?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: electric eel, you · What happens: leap out, jump, stay · To what, where: hand, water

This is test 8 · ★★ of lesson 158 «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: An electric eel leaps out at a hand.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 eel	det
2	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 eel	amod
3	eel	eel	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	nsubj
4	leaps	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 leaps	compound:prt
6	at	at	ADP	_	8 hand	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hand	det
8	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 leaps	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 leaps	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leap out	present	a electric eel			a hand			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at hand=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why jump instead of staying in the water?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	2 jump	advmod
2	jump	jump	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	5 staying	mark
4	of	of	ADP	_	3 instead	fixed
5	staying	stay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 jump	advcl
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 water	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 water	det
8	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 staying	obl
9	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 jump	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	jump	imperative	you not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	stay	gerund	you not said here			the water			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location

The options

Option 1

It needs to dry its skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 needs	nsubj
2	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 dry	mark
4	dry	dry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 needs	xcomp
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 skin	nmod:poss
6	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 dry	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	It						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	dry not said to happen	to-infinitive		its skin					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient skin=Result

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Out of water the shock goes straight into the hand instead of spreading out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Out	out	ADP	_	3 water	case
2	of	of	ADP	_	3 water	case
3	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 shock	det
5	shock	shock	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	nsubj
6	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	straight	straight	ADV	_	10 hand	advmod
8	into	into	ADP	_	10 hand	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 hand	det
10	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 goes	obl
11	instead	instead	ADV	ExtPos=SCONJ	13 spreading	mark
12	of	of	ADP	_	11 instead	fixed
13	spreading	spread	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 goes	advcl
14	out	out	ADP	_	13 spreading	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	the shock			water		into the hand	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme out water=Initial_Location into hand=Destination
2	spread out	gerund	the shock not said here						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

It wants to bite the hand, because electric eels attack anything that lifts them out of the water

The tree, 18 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 wants	nsubj
2	wants	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 bite	mark
4	bite	bite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 wants	xcomp
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 hand	det
6	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 bite	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 attack	punct
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 attack	mark
9	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 eels	amod
10	eels	eel	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 attack	nsubj
11	attack	attack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 wants	parataxis
12	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	11 attack	obj
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 lifts	nsubj
14	lifts	lift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 anything	acl:relcl
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 lifts	obj
16	out	out	ADP	_	19 water	case
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 water	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 water	det
19	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 lifts	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	It						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	bite not said to happen	to-infinitive		the hand					vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient
3	attack	present	electric eels	anything					vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient
4	lift	present		eels = eel		the water			vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent they=Theme out water=Destination

Option 4

It is trying to fly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 trying	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 trying	aux
3	trying	try	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 fly	mark
5	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 trying	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	try	present · progressive	It						vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality
2	fly not said to happen	to-infinitive							vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/t8/