Test 10 · ★ · Madagascar: lemurs of every kind and the fossa

Why could lemurs spread into about a hundred kinds on Madagascar?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: lemurs · What happens: spread · To what, where: hundred kinds

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 163 «Madagascar: lemurs of every kind and the fossa» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 spread	advmod
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 spread	aux
3	lemurs	lemur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 spread	nsubj
4	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	into	into	ADP	_	9 kinds	case
6	about	about	ADV	_	8 hundred	advmod
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 hundred	det
8	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 kinds	nummod
9	kinds	kind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 spread	obl
10	on	on	ADP	_	11 Madagascar	case
11	Madagascar	Madagascar	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 kinds	nmod
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	could	lemurs			hundred kinds on Madagascar			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into kind=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The island was cut off for a very long time and had no monkeys to compete

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 island	det
2	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cut	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cut	aux:pass
4	cut	cut	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	off	off	ADP	_	4 cut	compound:prt
6	for	for	ADP	_	10 time	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 time	det
8	very	very	ADV	_	9 long	advmod
9	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 time	amod
10	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 cut	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 had	cc
12	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 cut	conj
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 monkeys	det
14	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 had	obj
15	to	to	PART	_	16 compete	mark
16	compete	compete	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 had	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	roles by
1	cut off	past · passive		the island	time	vn stop-55.4-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality
2	have	past		no monkeys		tree rules
3	compete	to-infinitive	no monkeys not said here			vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Every lemur is really the same kind of animal, just in a different colour of fur

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	2 lemur	det
2	lemur	lemur	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 kind	cop
4	really	really	ADV	_	7 kind	advmod
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 kind	det
6	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 kind	amod
7	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 animal	case
9	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 colour	punct
11	just	just	ADV	_	15 colour	advmod
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 colour	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 colour	det
14	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 colour	amod
15	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 kind	nmod
16	of	of	ADP	_	17 fur	case
17	fur	fur	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 colour	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	every lemur	the same kind		a different colour of fur		of animal	tree rules

Option 3

Zoos bred them there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Zoos	zoo	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 bred	nsubj
2	bred	breed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 bred	obj
4	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	2 bred	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breed	past	Zoos	them = they		there			tree rules

Option 4

They came by boat a few years ago

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	by	by	ADP	_	4 boat	case
4	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 came	obl
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 years	det
6	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 years	amod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 ago	obl:unmarked
8	ago	ago	ADV	_	2 came	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	They					by boat; ago property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by boat=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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