Exam question 2 · Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baoba…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the evolutionary relationships of the tenrec.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, evolutionary relationships

This is exam question 2 of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 relationships	det
11	evolutionary	evolutionary	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 relationships	amod
12	relationships	relationship	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 concerning	obj
13	of	of	ADP	_	15 tenrec	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 tenrec	det
15	tenrec	tenrec	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 relationships	nmod
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the evolutionary relationships of the tenrec		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus relationship=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It is a true hedgehog of the family of hedgehogs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 hedgehog	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 hedgehog	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 hedgehog	det
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hedgehog	amod
5	hedgehog	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 family	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 family	det
8	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hedgehog	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 hedgehogs	case
10	hedgehogs	hedgehog	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 family	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a true hedgehog				of the family of hedgehogs	tree rules

Option 2

It is a species of rodent

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 rodent	case
6	rodent	rodent	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of rodent	tree rules

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It is related to the elephants and the aardvarks

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 related	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 related	cop
3	related	related	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 elephants	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 elephants	det
6	elephants	elephant	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 related	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 aardvarks	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 aardvarks	det
9	aardvarks	aardvark	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 elephants	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	It					to the elephants and the aardvarks; related property	tree rules

Option 4

It is a species of marsupial

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 marsupial	case
6	marsupial	marsupial	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of marsupial	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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