Test 10 · ★ · Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baoba…

«darwin just guessed, lucky guess» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: darwin · What happens: guess, be · To what, where: lucky guess · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 164 «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 guessed	punct
2	darwin	darwin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guessed	nsubj
3	just	just	ADV	_	4 guessed	advmod
4	guessed	guess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 guess	punct
6	lucky	lucky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 guess	amod
7	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guessed	obj
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	7 guess	punct
9	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	11 right	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 right	cop
11	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 guessed	ccomp
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 guessed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guess in a quote	past	darwin	lucky guess					vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent guess=Theme
2	is	present						right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

He had already seen the moth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 seen	nsubj
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 seen	aux
3	already	already	ADV	_	4 seen	advmod
4	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 moth	det
6	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 seen	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past · perfect	He	the moth					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer moth=Stimulus

Option 2

He made it up for a joke, and the moth was never found

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 made	obj
4	up	up	ADP	_	2 made	compound:prt
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 joke	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 joke	det
7	joke	joke	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 found	punct
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 found	cc
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 moth	det
11	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 found	nsubj:pass
12	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 found	aux:pass
13	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	14 found	advmod
14	found	find	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 made	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make up	past	He	it				for a joke	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Pivot
2	not find	past · passive		the moth					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Option 3

He bred the moth himself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 bred	nsubj
2	bred	breed	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 moth	det
4	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bred	obj
5	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	2 bred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	breed	past	He	the moth				himself = he obl	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

He reasoned from the orchid's long tube that such a moth must exist

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 reasoned	nsubj
2	reasoned	reason	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	8 tube	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 orchid	det
5	orchid	orchid	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 tube	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 orchid	case
7	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 tube	amod
8	tube	tube	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 reasoned	obl
9	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 exist	obj
10	such	such	DET	PronType=Ind	12 moth	det:predet
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 moth	det
12	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 exist	nsubj
13	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 exist	aux
14	exist	exist	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 tube	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reason	past	He			the orchid's long tube			vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from tube=Source
2	exist	must	such moth	the orchid's long tube					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/t10/