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Test 7 · The Australian outback: red kangaroos, emus, thorny devils…

A lizard with spines stands still in wet sand and its back looks damp. What is it doing?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: lizard, back · What happens: stand, look, do · To what, where: wet sand

This is test 7 of lesson 165 «The Australian outback: red kangaroos, emus, thorny devils and runaway camels and toads» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A lizard with spines stands still in wet sand and its back looks damp.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 lizard	det
2	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stands	nsubj
3	with	with	ADP	_	4 spines	case
4	spines	spine	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lizard	nmod
5	stands	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	still	still	ADV	_	5 stands	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 sand	case
8	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 sand	amod
9	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stands	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 looks	cc
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 back	nmod:poss
12	back	back	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 looks	nsubj
13	looks	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stands	conj
14	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 looks	xcomp
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 stands	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stand	present	a lizard with spines			wet sand	still		vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in sand=Location
2	look	present	lizard's back					damp property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is it doing?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	4 doing	obj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 doing	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 doing	nsubj
4	doing	do	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 doing	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	do	present · progressive	back						vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality

The options

Option 1

Sunbathing

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sunbathing	sunbathing	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Laying eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Laying	lay	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Laying	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	gerund		eggs					vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result

Option 3

Washing itself

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Washing	wash	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	1 Washing	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wash	gerund		itself = it					vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Drinking through grooves that pull water to its mouth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Drinking	drink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	through	through	ADP	_	3 grooves	case
3	grooves	groove	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Drinking	obl
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	5 pull	nsubj
5	pull	pull	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 grooves	acl:relcl
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pull	obj
7	to	to	ADP	_	9 mouth	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 mouth	nmod:poss
9	mouth	mouth	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 pull	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drink	gerund				grooves			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	pull	present	grooves	water		water's mouth			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme to mouth=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/165-the-australian-outback-kangaroos-emus-thorny-devils-and-runaway-toads/t7/