Test 8 · ★★★ · How close are apes to us?

Why does the brain cost the body so much?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: brain · What happens: cost · To what, where: body

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 17 «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 cost	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 cost	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 brain	det
4	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cost	nsubj
5	cost	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 body	det
7	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cost	obj
8	so	so	ADV	_	9 much	advmod
9	much	much	ADV	_	5 cost	advmod
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 cost	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cost	present · do-support	the brain	the body					vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme body=Value

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It never sleeps, even at night, so it burns up the body's fat

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 sleeps	nsubj
2	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	3 sleeps	advmod
3	sleeps	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 night	punct
5	even	even	ADV	_	7 night	advmod
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 night	case
7	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sleeps	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 burns	punct
9	so	so	ADV	_	11 burns	advmod
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 burns	nsubj
11	burns	burn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 sleeps	conj
12	up	up	ADP	_	11 burns	compound:prt
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 body	det
14	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 fat	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 body	case
16	fat	fat	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 burns	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not sleep	present	It				night		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	burn up	present	it	the body's fat					vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent fat=Theme

Option 2

It needs its own heart to run it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 needs	nsubj
2	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 heart	nmod:poss
4	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 heart	amod
5	heart	heart	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 needs	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 run	mark
7	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 needs	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 run	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	It	its own heart					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot heart=Theme
2	run	to-infinitive		heart					vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory

Option 3

It weighs as much as both legs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 weighs	nsubj
2	weighs	weigh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	as	as	ADV	_	4 much	advmod
4	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 weighs	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	7 legs	case
6	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	7 legs	det
7	legs	leg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 much	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	weigh	present	It	much					vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme much=Value

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It uses about a fifth of the body's energy at rest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 uses	nsubj
2	uses	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	about	about	ADP	_	5 fifth	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fifth	det
5	fifth	fifth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	10 energy	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 body	det
8	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 energy	nmod:poss
9	's	's	PART	_	8 body	case
10	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 fifth	nmod
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 rest	case
12	rest	rest	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 uses	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	present	It	a fifth of the body's energy		rest			vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fifth=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/t8/