Test 11 · ★★★ · Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and…
A moss patch on an Antarctic rock is only as big as your hand. Why might it be hundreds of years old?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: moss patch, patch · What happens: be · To what, where: hundreds
This is test 11 · ★★★ of lesson 170 «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A moss patch on an Antarctic rock is only as big as your hand.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 patch | det |
| 2 | moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 patch | compound |
| 3 | patch | patch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 big | nsubj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 rock | case |
| 5 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 rock | det |
| 6 | Antarctic | antarctic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 rock | amod |
| 7 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 patch | nmod |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 big | cop |
| 9 | only | only | ADV | _ | 11 big | advmod |
| 10 | as | as | ADV | _ | 11 big | advmod |
| 11 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 12 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 hand | case |
| 13 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 hand | nmod:poss |
| 14 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 big | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 big | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | a moss patch on a Antarctic rock | as your hand; big property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why might it be hundreds of years old?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 old | advmod |
| 2 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 hundreds | aux |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 hundreds | nsubj |
| 4 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 5 hundreds | cop |
| 5 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 old | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 years | case |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 hundreds | nmod |
| 8 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 9 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 8 old | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | might | patch | hundreds | year | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Someone planted it long ago
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Someone | someone | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 2 planted | nsubj |
| 2 | planted | plant | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 planted | obj |
| 4 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 ago | advmod |
| 5 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 2 planted | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | plant | past | Someone | it | ago property | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer
Mosses there grow extremely slowly in the cold
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mosses | moss | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 grow | nsubj |
| 2 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 grow | advmod |
| 3 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | extremely | extremely | ADV | _ | 5 slowly | advmod |
| 5 | slowly | slowly | ADV | _ | 3 grow | advmod |
| 6 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 cold | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 cold | det |
| 8 | cold | cold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grow | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | present | Mosses | the cold; there | slowly property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cold=Location |
Option 3
Moss never grows at all
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moss | moss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 grows | nsubj |
| 2 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 3 grows | advmod |
| 3 | grows | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 all | case |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 3 grows | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not grow | present | Moss | all | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at all=Location |
Option 4
It was frozen and brought from the Arctic by ships long ago
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 frozen | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 frozen | aux:pass |
| 3 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 brought | cc |
| 5 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 frozen | conj |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 Arctic | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Arctic | det |
| 8 | Arctic | Arctic | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 brought | obl |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 10 ships | case |
| 10 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 frozen | obl |
| 11 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 12 ago | advmod |
| 12 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 3 frozen | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | freeze | past · passive | It | by ships; ago property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result | ||||
| 2 | bring | participle | the Arctic | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from arctic=Initial_Location |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/t11/