Test 8 · ★★★ · Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and…

Why might penguins whose eggs sat in melting slush not hatch, while those on stone nests did?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: penguins, those · What happens: sit, melt, not hatch, do · To what, where: melting slush

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 170 «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 sat	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 penguins	aux
3	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sat	nsubj
4	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	5 eggs	nmod:poss
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 penguins	obj
6	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 slush	case
8	melting	melt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 slush	amod
9	slush	slush	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 hatch	obl
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 hatch	advmod
11	hatch	hatch	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 sat	ccomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 did	punct
13	while	while	SCONJ	_	18 did	mark
14	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	18 did	nsubj
15	on	on	ADP	_	17 nests	case
16	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 nests	compound
17	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 those	nmod
18	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 hatch	advcl
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 sat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	roles by
1	sit	past	penguins		tree rules
2	melt	gerund			vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	not hatch	infinitive	penguins not said here	melting slush	vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient
4	do	past	those		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Slush is too warm for eggs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Slush	slush	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 warm	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 warm	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 warm	advmod
4	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 eggs	case
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 warm	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Slush					for eggs; warm property	tree rules

Option 2

Stones are full of food for the chicks to eat when they hatch

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 full	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 full	cop
3	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 food	case
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 full	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 chicks	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 chicks	det
8	chicks	chick	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 full	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 eat	mark
10	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 full	advcl
11	when	when	SCONJ	_	13 hatch	mark
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 hatch	nsubj
13	hatch	hatch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 eat	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	other	roles by
1	is	present	Stones	of food; for the chicks; full property	tree rules
2	eat	to-infinitive	Stones not said here		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	hatch	present	Stones = stone		vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The stones kept the eggs above the cold meltwater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 stones	det
2	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	nsubj
3	kept	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 eggs	det
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 kept	obj
6	above	above	ADP	_	9 meltwater	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 meltwater	det
8	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 meltwater	amod
9	meltwater	meltwater	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 kept	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	past	the stones	the eggs		the cold meltwater			vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Theme above meltwater=Location

Option 4

Seals cannot reach stones

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 reach	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 reach	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 reach	advmod
4	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 reach	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not reach	can	Seals	stones					vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent stone=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/t8/