Exam question 2 · Coral reef partners and tricksters: clownfish, cleaners, m…

Identify the principal function of the false eye spot situated near the tail of certain reef fish.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you · What happens: identify, situate · To what, where: principal function, false eye spot, tail

This is exam question 2 of lesson 173 «Coral reef partners and tricksters: clownfish, cleaners, mimics and puffers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 function	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 function	amod
4	function	function	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 spot	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 spot	det
7	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 spot	amod
8	eye	eye	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 spot	compound
9	spot	spot	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 function	nmod
10	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 spot	acl
11	near	near	ADP	_	13 tail	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 tail	det
13	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 situated	obl
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 fish	case
15	certain	certain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 fish	amod
16	reef	reef	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 fish	compound
17	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 tail	nmod
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal function of the false eye spot					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent function=Theme
2	situate	participle		the false eye spot not said here		the tail of certain reef fish			vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent near tail=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To mislead a predator as to the position of the head

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 mislead	mark
2	mislead	mislead	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 predator	det
4	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mislead	obj
5	as	as	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	8 position	case
6	to	to	ADP	_	5 as	fixed
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 position	det
8	position	position	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 mislead	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 head	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 head	det
11	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 position	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mislead	to-infinitive		a predator				as the position of the head	vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent predator=Patient

Option 2

To enable the fish to perceive objects behind it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 enable	mark
2	enable	enable	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 fish	det
4	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 enable	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 perceive	mark
6	perceive	perceive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 enable	xcomp
7	objects	object	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 perceive	obj
8	behind	behind	ADP	_	9 it	case
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 perceive	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	enable	to-infinitive		the fish					tree rules
2	perceive	to-infinitive	the fish not said here	objects				behind fish	vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer object=Stimulus

Option 3

To absorb sunlight for the purpose of warmth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 absorb	mark
2	absorb	absorb	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorb	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 purpose	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 purpose	det
6	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 absorb	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 warmth	case
8	warmth	warmth	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 purpose	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	absorb	to-infinitive		sunlight				for the purpose of warmth	vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Goal sunlight=Theme
2	purpose		warmth						nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Option 4

To attract the attention of divers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 attract	mark
2	attract	attract	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 attention	det
4	attention	attention	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 attract	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 divers	case
6	divers	diver	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 attention	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attract	to-infinitive		the attention of divers					vn lure-59.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent attention=Patient
2	attend		divers						nom attention «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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