Exam question 4 · Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs a…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the sucker of the remora.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, sucker

This is exam question 4 of lesson 174 «Reef giants and wanderers: whale sharks, mantas, dugongs and sea turtles» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 sucker	det
11	sucker	sucker	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 remora	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 remora	det
14	remora	remora	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 sucker	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the sucker of the remora		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus sucker=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a modified fin by which the fish attaches itself to sharks and rays

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 fin	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fin	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 fin	det
4	modified	modify	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 fin	amod
5	fin	fin	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 which	case
7	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 attaches	obl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 fish	det
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 attaches	nsubj
10	attaches	attach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 fin	parataxis
11	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	10 attaches	obj
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 sharks	case
13	sharks	shark	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 attaches	obl
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 rays	cc
15	rays	ray	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 sharks	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	modify	participle				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	is a	present	It	a modified fin		tree rules
3	attach	present	the fish	fish	by a modified fin; to sharks and rays	vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient to shark=Co-Patient

Option 2

It is an adhesive gland secreting a glue

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 gland	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 gland	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 gland	det
4	adhesive	adhesive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 gland	amod
5	gland	gland	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	secreting	secrete	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 gland	acl
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 glue	det
8	glue	glue	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 secreting	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a adhesive gland					tree rules
2	secrete	gerund	a adhesive gland not said here	a glue					tree rules

Option 3

It is a set of hooked teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 set	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 set	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 set	det
4	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 teeth	case
6	hooked	hook	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 teeth	amod
7	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 set	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a set				of hooked teeth	tree rules
2	hook	participle							vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme

Option 4

It is an organ borrowed from the host shark and retained throughout the life of the fish

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 organ	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 organ	cop
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 organ	det
4	organ	organ	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	borrowed	borrow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 organ	acl
6	from	from	ADP	_	9 shark	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 shark	det
8	host	host	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 shark	compound
9	shark	shark	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 borrowed	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 retained	cc
11	retained	retain	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 borrowed	conj
12	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	14 life	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 life	det
14	life	life	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 retained	obl
15	of	of	ADP	_	17 fish	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 fish	det
17	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 life	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a organ			tree rules
2	borrow	participle		a organ not said here	the host shark		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from shark=Source
3	retain	participle				throughout the life of the fish	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/174-reef-giants-and-wanderers-whale-sharks-mantas-dugongs-and-sea-turtles/e4/