Exam question 2 · The twilight zone: barreleyes, lanternfish and the biggest…

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the comb jelly?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: comb jelly

This is exam question 2 of lesson 175 «The twilight zone: barreleyes, lanternfish and the biggest daily journey on Earth» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 jelly	det
10	comb	comb	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 jelly	compound
11	jelly	jelly	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the comb jelly				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a true jellyfish of exceptional venom

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 jellyfish	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 jellyfish	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 jellyfish	det
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 jellyfish	amod
5	jellyfish	jellyfish	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 venom	case
7	exceptional	exceptional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 venom	amod
8	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 jellyfish	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a true jellyfish				of exceptional venom	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It produces rainbow colours by means of beating hairs and possesses no stinging cells

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 produces	nsubj
2	produces	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	rainbow	rainbow	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 colours	compound
4	colours	colour	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 produces	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 means	case
6	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 produces	parataxis
7	of	of	SCONJ	_	8 beating	mark
8	beating	beat	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 means	ccomp
9	hairs	hair	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 beating	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 possesses	cc
11	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 produces	conj
12	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 cells	det
13	stinging	stinging	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 cells	compound
14	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 possesses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	produce	present	It	rainbow colours	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Result
2	mean	present			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	beat	gerund		hairs	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location hair=Theme
4	possess	present		no stinging cells	vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot cell=Theme

Option 3

It emits electric discharges to stun its prey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 emits	nsubj
2	emits	emit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	electric	electric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 discharges	amod
4	discharges	discharge	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 emits	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 stun	mark
6	stun	stun	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 emits	advcl
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 prey	nmod:poss
8	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 stun	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	emit	present	It	electric discharges					vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source discharge=Theme
2	stun	to-infinitive		its prey					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus prey=Experiencer

Option 4

It is a species of fish with transparent skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 fish	case
6	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 skin	case
8	transparent	transparent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 skin	amod
9	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of fish; with transparent skin	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/175-the-twilight-zone-barreleyes-lanternfish-and-the-biggest-daily-journey-on-earth/e2/