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Test 12 · ★★ · The deep dark: anglerfish, giant squid, blobfish and whale…

A deep fish has huge eyes but lives where sunlight never reaches. Why does it need them?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: deep fish, sunlight · What happens: have, not reach, need · To what, where: huge eyes, eyes

This is test 12 · ★★ of lesson 176 «The deep dark: anglerfish, giant squid, blobfish and whale falls» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A deep fish has huge eyes but lives where sunlight never reaches.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 fish	det
2	deep	deep	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fish	amod
3	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 has	nsubj
4	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	huge	huge	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eyes	amod
6	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 has	obj
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 lives	cc
8	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eyes	conj
9	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 reaches	advmod
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 reaches	nsubj
11	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	12 reaches	advmod
12	reaches	reach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eyes	acl:relcl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 has	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	a deep fish	huge eyes but lives					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient
2	not reach	present	sunlight						vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why does it need them?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 need	advmod
2	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 need	aux
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 need	nsubj
4	need	need	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 need	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 need	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present · do-support	sunlight	eyes = eye					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot they=Theme

The options

Option 1

They are left over from its ancestors and useless

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 left	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 left	aux:pass
3	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	over	over	ADV	_	3 left	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 ancestors	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 ancestors	nmod:poss
7	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 left	obl
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 useless	cc
9	useless	useless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 left	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	leave over	present · passive		They		its ancestors		over property	vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V NP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Source from ancestor=Destination

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To catch faint light from glowing animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 catch	mark
2	catch	catch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	faint	faint	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 light	amod
4	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 catch	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 animals	case
6	glowing	glow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 animals	amod
7	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 catch	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	catch	to-infinitive		faint light				from glowing animals	vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent light=Theme from animal=Source
2	glow	gerund							vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

To scare people

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 scare	mark
2	scare	scare	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 scare	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scare	to-infinitive		people					vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus people=Experiencer

Option 4

It needs them to see the Sun high above

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 needs	nsubj
2	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 needs	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 see	mark
5	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 needs	xcomp
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Sun	det
7	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 see	obj
8	high	high	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 see	xcomp
9	above	above	ADV	_	5 see	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	need	present	It	them = they					tree rules
2	see not said to happen	to-infinitive	them = they not said here	the Sun				above, high property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sun=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/176-the-deep-dark-anglerfish-giant-squid-blobfish-and-whale-falls/t12/