Exam question 1 · Vents and trenches: tubeworms, iron snails, the Challenger…

Identify the principal source of energy upon which the communities of hydrothermal vents depend.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, communities · What happens: identify, depend · To what, where: principal source

This is exam question 1 of lesson 177 «Vents and trenches: tubeworms, iron snails, the Challenger Deep and life without sunlight» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 source	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 source	amod
4	source	source	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 energy	case
6	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 source	nmod
7	upon	upon	ADP	_	8 which	case
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 depend	obl
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 communities	det
10	communities	community	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 depend	nsubj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 vents	case
12	hydrothermal	hydrothermal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 vents	amod
13	vents	vent	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 communities	nmod
14	depend	depend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 source	acl:relcl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal source of energy					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent source=Theme
2	depend	present	the communities of hydrothermal vents					upon the principal source of energy	vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Sunlight penetrating to the sea floor

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	penetrating	penetrate	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Sunlight	acl
3	to	to	ADP	_	6 floor	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 floor	det
5	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 floor	compound
6	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 penetrating	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	penetrate	gerund	Sunlight not said here					to the sea floor	vn poke-19 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

The heat of the water consumed directly by the animals

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 heat	det
2	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 water	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 water	det
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heat	nmod
6	consumed	consume	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 heat	acl
7	directly	directly	ADV	_	6 consumed	advmod
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 animals	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 animals	det
10	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consumed	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	participle		the heat of the water not said here				directly property	vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	heat		the water						nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: of=agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Chemicals dissolved in the vent water, used by bacteria to manufacture food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chemicals	chemical	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 used	nsubj:pass
2	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 Chemicals	acl
3	in	in	ADP	_	6 water	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 water	det
5	vent	vent	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 water	compound
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 dissolved	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 used	punct
8	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	by	by	ADP	_	10 bacteria	case
10	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 used	obl:agent
11	to	to	PART	_	12 manufacture	mark
12	manufacture	manufacture	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 used	advcl
13	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 manufacture	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	dissolve	participle		Chemicals not said here	the vent water	vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	use	participle · passive	bacteria	Chemicals		vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
3	manufacture	to-infinitive	bacteria not said here	food		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Result

Option 4

Organic matter imported exclusively from the surface

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Organic	organic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 matter	amod
2	matter	matter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	imported	import	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 matter	acl
4	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	3 imported	advmod
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 surface	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 surface	det
7	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 imported	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	import	participle		Organic matter not said here		the surface		exclusively property	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from surface=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/177-vents-and-trenches-tubeworms-iron-snails-the-challenger-deep-and-life-without-sunlight/e1/