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Test 11 · The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides…

A map shows lions once lived in southern Europe and much of Asia. What is the situation now?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: map, lions, situation · What happens: show, live, be · To what, where: southern Europe · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 of lesson 18 «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A map shows lions once lived in southern Europe and much of Asia.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 map	det
2	map	map	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 lived	nsubj
5	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	6 lived	advmod
6	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 shows	ccomp
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 Europe	case
8	southern	southern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Europe	amod
9	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 lived	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 much	cc
11	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lived	conj
12	of	of	ADP	_	13 Asia	case
13	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 much	nmod
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a map						vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	live	past	lions			southern Europe		once property	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in europe=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is the situation now?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 situation	det
4	situation	situation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
5	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	1 What	advmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the situation				now		tree rules

The options

Option 1

Lions are now extinct everywhere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 extinct	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 extinct	cop
3	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	4 extinct	advmod
4	extinct	extinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 extinct	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Lions				now	everywhere, extinct property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Mainly parts of Africa, and Asiatic lions only around Gir Forest in India

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mainly	mainly	ADV	_	2 parts	advmod
2	parts	part	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 Africa	case
4	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 parts	nmod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 lions	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lions	cc
7	Asiatic	asiatic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lions	amod
8	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 parts	conj
9	only	only	ADV	_	12 Forest	advmod
10	around	around	ADP	_	12 Forest	case
11	Gir	Gir	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Forest	compound
12	Forest	Forest	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 lions	nmod
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 India	case
14	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Forest	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Lions now live in every country

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
2	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 live	advmod
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 country	case
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 country	det
6	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 live	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	present	Lions			every country	now		vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location

Option 4

Lions have spread back into most of Europe and Asia, as they were before

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 spread	nsubj
2	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	aux
3	spread	spread	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	back	back	ADV	_	3 spread	advmod
5	into	into	ADP	_	6 most	case
6	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 spread	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 Europe	case
8	Europe	Europe	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 most	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 Asia	cc
10	Asia	Asia	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Europe	conj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 were	punct
12	as	as	SCONJ	_	14 were	mark
13	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 were	nsubj
14	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 spread	conj
15	before	before	ADV	_	14 were	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread back	present · perfect	Lions			most of Europe and Asia			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent into most=Destination
2	be	past	Lions = lion					before property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/t11/