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Test 6 · The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides…

Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day. What is a better explanation?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Jack, lions, better explanation · What happens: say, be, sleep · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 6 of lesson 18 «The lion: why people call it «king of the beasts»; prides and roars» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Jack says lions are lazy because they sleep all day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Jack	Jack	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lazy	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lazy	cop
5	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 says	ccomp
6	because	because	SCONJ	_	8 sleep	mark
7	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 sleep	nsubj
8	sleep	sleep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 lazy	advcl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 day	det
10	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sleep	obl:unmarked
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Jack						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	lions					lazy property	tree rules
3	sleep	present	lions = lion				day		vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is a better explanation?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 explanation	det
4	better	good	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	5 explanation	amod
5	explanation	explanation	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a better explanation						tree rules

The options

Option 1

They are always ill

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 ill	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 ill	cop
3	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 ill	advmod
4	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					always, ill property	tree rules

Option 2

They are kings and do not have to work

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 kings	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 kings	cop
3	kings	king	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 have	cc
5	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 have	aux
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 have	advmod
7	have	have	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 kings	conj
8	to	to	PART	_	9 work	mark
9	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 have	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	kings					tree rules
2	not have	present · do-support	They not said here						tree rules
3	work	to-infinitive	They not said here						vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They save energy for short bursts of hunting and avoid the midday heat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 save	nsubj
2	save	save	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 save	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	6 bursts	case
5	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bursts	amod
6	bursts	burst	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 save	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	8 hunting	case
8	hunting	hunting	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bursts	nmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 avoid	cc
10	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 save	conj
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 heat	det
12	midday	midday	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 heat	compound
13	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 avoid	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	save	present	They	energy				for short bursts of hunting	vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent energy=Theme for burst=Source
2	avoid	infinitive	They not said here	the midday heat					vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent heat=Location
3	burst			hunting					nom burst «act transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

They are bored because there is nothing left for them to hunt anywhere

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 bored	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bored	cop
3	bored	bored	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 is	mark
5	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	6 is	expl
6	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 bored	advcl
7	nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	6 is	nsubj
8	left	leave	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 nothing	acl
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 them	case
10	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 left	obl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 hunt	mark
12	hunt	hunt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 left	advcl
13	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	12 hunt	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					bored property	tree rules
2	be	present	nothing			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	leave	participle						for them = they	vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for they=Recipient
4	hunt	to-infinitive						anywhere property	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/18-the-lion-king-of-the-beasts/t6/