Exam question 3 · The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finc…

Ascertain the reason for which the Galápagos penguin is able to inhabit equatorial waters.

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, Galápagos penguin · What happens: ascertain, be, inhabit · To what, where: reason, equatorial waters

This is exam question 3 of lesson 180 «The Galápagos: giant tortoises, sea iguanas, Darwin's finches and tame sea lions» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 reason	det
3	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 able	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 penguin	det
7	Galápagos	Galápagos	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 penguin	compound
8	penguin	penguin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 able	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 able	cop
10	able	able	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 reason	acl
11	to	to	PART	_	12 inhabit	mark
12	inhabit	inhabit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 able	xcomp
13	equatorial	equatorial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 waters	amod
14	waters	water	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 inhabit	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the reason		vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	is	present	the Galápagos penguin		for the reason; able property	tree rules
3	inhabit	to-infinitive	the Galápagos penguin not said here	equatorial waters		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It resides solely in shaded caves

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 resides	nsubj
2	resides	reside	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 resides	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	6 caves	case
5	shaded	shade	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 caves	amod
6	caves	cave	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 resides	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	reside	present	It			shaded caves		solely property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cave=Location
2	shade	participle							vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Cold ocean currents supply cool water abundant in fish

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 currents	amod
2	ocean	ocean	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 currents	compound
3	currents	current	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 supply	nsubj
4	supply	supply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	cool	cool	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 water	amod
6	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 supply	obj
7	abundant	abundant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 supply	xcomp
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 fish	case
9	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 supply	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	supply	present	Cold ocean currents	cool water				in fish; abundant property	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Recipient

Option 3

It subsists without food

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 subsists	nsubj
2	subsists	subsist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	without	without	ADP	_	4 food	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 subsists	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	subsist	present	It					without food	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The islands are permanently covered in thick ice and snow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 islands	det
2	islands	island	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 covered	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 covered	aux:pass
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	5 covered	advmod
5	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 ice	case
7	thick	thick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 ice	amod
8	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 covered	obl
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 snow	cc
10	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 ice	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		the islands				in thick ice and snow; permanently property	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in ice=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/180-the-galapagos-giant-tortoises-sea-iguanas-darwins-finches-and-tame-sea-lions/e3/