Exam question 3 · Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kaka…

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the Komodo dragon.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, Komodo dragon

This is exam question 3 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 dragon	det
11	Komodo	Komodo	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 dragon	compound
12	dragon	dragon	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the Komodo dragon		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus dragon=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is a species of crocodile that inhabits rivers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 species	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 species	det
4	species	species	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 crocodile	case
6	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 species	nmod
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 inhabits	nsubj
8	inhabits	inhabit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 species	acl:relcl
9	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 inhabits	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a species				of crocodile	tree rules
2	inhabit	present	a species	rivers					tree rules

Option 2

It is a flightless bird of New Zealand

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 bird	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 bird	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 bird	det
4	flightless	flightless	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 bird	amod
5	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 Zealand	case
7	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Zealand	flat
8	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 bird	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a flightless bird				of New Zealand	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is the largest living lizard and its bite contains venom

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 lizard	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lizard	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 lizard	det
4	largest	large	ADJ	Degree=Sup	6 lizard	amod
5	living	living	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lizard	amod
6	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 contains	cc
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 bite	nmod:poss
9	bite	bite	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 contains	nsubj
10	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 lizard	conj
11	venom	venom	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 contains	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the largest living lizard	tree rules
2	contain	present	lizard's bite	venom	vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot venom=Theme
3	bite		lizard		nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent

Option 4

It kills its prey solely by means of oral bacteria

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 kills	nsubj
2	kills	kill	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 prey	nmod:poss
4	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 kills	obj
5	solely	solely	ADV	_	2 kills	advmod
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 means	case
7	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 kills	parataxis
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 bacteria	case
9	oral	oral	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 bacteria	amod
10	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 means	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	kill	present	It	its prey				solely property	vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme
2	mean	present						of oral bacteria	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs/e3/