Test 9 · Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kaka…

«kakapos are just lazy parrots, they could fly if they tried» What is right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: kakapos · What happens: be, fly, try · To what, where: lazy parrots · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 9 of lesson 181 «Strange islands: Komodo dragons, the dodo, red crabs, kakapos, giants and dwarfs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 kakapos	punct
2	kakapos	kakapo	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 parrots	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 parrots	cop
4	just	just	ADV	_	6 parrots	advmod
5	lazy	lazy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 parrots	amod
6	parrots	parrot	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 fly	punct
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 fly	nsubj
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 fly	aux
10	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 parrots	parataxis
11	if	if	SCONJ	_	13 tried	mark
12	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 tried	nsubj
13	tried	try	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	10 fly	advcl
14	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 fly	punct
15	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	17 right	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 right	cop
17	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 fly	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 parrots	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a in a quote	present	kakapos	lazy parrots		tree rules
2	fly in a quote	could	kakapos = kakapo			tree rules
3	try a condition, not said to happen, in a quote	past	kakapos = kakapo			vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
4	is	present			right property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, the kakapo is too heavy to fly; it lost flight because it had no ground hunters

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 heavy	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 kakapo	det
4	kakapo	kakapo	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 heavy	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 heavy	cop
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 heavy	advmod
7	heavy	heavy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 fly	mark
9	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 heavy	advcl
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 lost	punct
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 lost	nsubj
12	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 heavy	conj
13	flight	flight	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 lost	obj
14	because	because	SCONJ	_	16 had	mark
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 had	nsubj
16	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 lost	advcl
17	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	19 hunters	det
18	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 hunters	compound
19	hunters	hunter	NOUN	Number=Plur	16 had	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the kakapo		heavy property	tree rules
2	fly	to-infinitive	the kakapo not said here			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	lose	past	kakapo	flight		vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flight=Eventuality
4	have	past	kakapo	no ground hunters		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hunter=Patient

Option 2

Yes, they fly at night when nobody sees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 fly	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 fly	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fly	nsubj
4	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	at	at	ADP	_	6 night	case
6	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl
7	when	when	SCONJ	_	9 sees	mark
8	nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	9 sees	nsubj
9	sees	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 fly	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	they				night		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	see	present	nobody						vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer

Option 3

No, kakapos are not birds at all

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 birds	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	kakapos	kakapo	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 birds	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 birds	cop
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	6 birds	advmod
6	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 birds	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	kakapos	birds		all			tree rules

Option 4

Yes, they fly every winter to Australia

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 fly	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 fly	nsubj
4	fly	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	6 winter	det
6	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl:unmarked
7	to	to	ADP	_	8 Australia	case
8	Australia	Australia	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 fly	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	present	they		Australia		winter		vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to australia=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/181-strange-islands-komodo-dragons-the-dodo-red-crabs-kakapos-giants-and-dwarfs/t9/