Exam question 4 · Mountains of the world: snow leopards, high-flying geese,…

Ascertain the principal reason for which the giant panda devotes many hours each day to feeding.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, giant panda · What happens: ascertain, devote · To what, where: principal reason, feeding

This is exam question 4 of lesson 183 «Mountains of the world: snow leopards, high-flying geese, condors and Everest spiders» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Ascertain	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 devotes	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 panda	det
8	giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 panda	amod
9	panda	panda	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 devotes	nsubj
10	devotes	devote	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 reason	parataxis
11	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 hours	amod
12	hours	hour	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 devotes	obj
13	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	14 day	det
14	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 devotes	obl:unmarked
15	to	to	ADP	_	16 feeding	case
16	feeding	feeding	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 devotes	obl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Ascertain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ascertain	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason					vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic
2	devote	present	the giant panda				day; hour	to feeding goal; for the principal reason	vn dedicate-79 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent to feeding=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

It is compelled to store food for hibernation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 compelled	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 compelled	aux:pass
3	compelled	compel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 store	mark
5	store	store	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 compelled	advcl
6	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 store	obj
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 hibernation	case
8	hibernation	hibernation	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 store	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	compel	present · passive		It					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	store	to-infinitive		food				for hibernation	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme

Option 2

It consumes chiefly meat, which is scarce

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 consumes	nsubj
2	consumes	consume	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	chiefly	chiefly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 meat	amod
4	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 consumes	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 scarce	punct
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 scarce	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 scarce	cop
8	scarce	scarce	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 meat	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	consume	present	It	chiefly meat					vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Asset
2	is	present	chiefly meat					scarce property	tree rules

Option 3

Its teeth are unable to chew rapidly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 teeth	nmod:poss
2	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 unable	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 unable	cop
4	unable	unable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 chew	mark
6	chew	chew	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 unable	xcomp
7	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	_	6 chew	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Its teeth					unable property	tree rules
2	chew	to-infinitive	Its teeth not said here					rapidly property	vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Bamboo yields comparatively little energy

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bamboo	bamboo	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 yields	nsubj
2	yields	yield	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	comparatively	comparatively	ADV	_	2 yields	advmod
4	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 energy	amod
5	energy	energy	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 yields	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	yield	present	Bamboo	little energy				comparatively property	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent energy=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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