Exam question 1 · Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant…

Identify the means by which the Ganges river dolphin locates its food.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, the, Ganges river dolphin · What happens: identify, mean, locate · To what, where: food

This is exam question 1 of lesson 184 «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 means	nsubj
3	means	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 Identify	ccomp
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 which	case
5	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 locates	obl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dolphin	det
7	Ganges	Ganges	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 dolphin	compound
8	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dolphin	compound
9	dolphin	dolphin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 locates	nsubj
10	locates	locate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 means	parataxis
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 food	nmod:poss
12	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 locates	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	mean	present	the		vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
3	locate	present	the Ganges river dolphin	dolphin's food	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The detection of heat by its fins

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 detection	det
2	detection	detection	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 heat	case
4	heat	heat	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 detection	nmod
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 fins	case
6	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 fins	nmod:poss
7	fins	fin	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 detection	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	detect		heat's fins	heat					nom detection «cognition transitive»: of=patient by=agent

Option 2

The following of fishing vessels

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 following	det
2	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 vessels	case
4	fishing	fishing	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 vessels	compound
5	vessels	vessel	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 following	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund						of fishing vessels	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent of vessel=Trajectory

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Echolocation, its vision being of little use in turbid water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Echolocation	echolocation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 use	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 vision	punct
3	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 vision	nmod:poss
4	vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Echolocation	conj
5	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	8 use	cop
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 use	case
7	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 use	amod
8	use	use	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	in	in	ADP	_	11 water	case
10	turbid	turbid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 water	amod
11	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 use	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	gerund	Echolocation and its vision			turbid water		of little use	tree rules

Option 4

Acute vision in clear water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Acute	acute	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 vision	amod
2	vision	vision	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 water	case
4	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 water	amod
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 vision	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/e1/